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Companies today are increasing efforts to develop their vendor evaluation system (VES) to qualify and select the best suppliers, monitor their performance and foster continuous improvement. VES lies at the intersection of three di...
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Companies today are increasing efforts to develop their vendor evaluation system (VES) to qualify and select the best suppliers, monitor their performance and foster continuous improvement. VES lies at the intersection of three disciplines: purchasing management, supply chain management, and performance management. The extant literature especially focuses on vendor rating tools from a mathematical modeling standpoint, whereas firms are mostly concerned with guidelines necessary to design and implement an effective VES. The present study develops an encompassing research framework to investigate VES by means of thirteen case studies. In particular, the paper investigates VES design in terms of strategic alignment, process configuration and execution, as well as corresponding benefits and costs, exploring how the combination of the previous elements determines company satisfaction. Three groups of VESs are identified, leading to different levels of satisfaction.
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The most important thing for a book vendor in managing customer relationships is successfully managing the company's own resources. Book vendors must be able to hire and train staff who understand the changing needs of libraries a...
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The most important thing for a book vendor in managing customer relationships is successfully managing the company's own resources. Book vendors must be able to hire and train staff who understand the changing needs of libraries and who are able to influence the company's strategic direction and daily operation so that these needs are met. In recent years, book vendors have had to go beyond bookselling, and provide technical services to help libraries to become more efficient. This has required new levels of expertise from book vendors, who today work more closely with their customers then ever before.
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The vendor qualification assessment (VQA) process is regarded as expensive and time consuming but there is no quantitative data characterizing and benchmarking this process. The Tufts Center for the Study of Drug Development (Tuft...
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The vendor qualification assessment (VQA) process is regarded as expensive and time consuming but there is no quantitative data characterizing and benchmarking this process. The Tufts Center for the Study of Drug Development (Tufts CSDD)-in collaboration with the Avoca Group and 13 pharmaceutical, biotechnology and contract research organizations-conducted a survey of 120 unique companies to gather baseline data. The study results confirm that companies are investing substantial time and resources to support a high and growing volume of vendor qualifications and re-qualifications each year. The average total time to perform a vendor qualification is almost 5 months for single service providers and nearly 7 months for multi-service providers with wide variation within and between companies observed. Re-qualification cycle times are only marginally faster although, in theory, experience and familiarity with a given vendor should replace some assessment requirements. Significant differences were observed by company size and type. A high percentage of assessments-most notably those conducted by large companies-involve customized assessment areas. CROs are able to perform the VQA process significantly faster with fewer personnel. Based on the data provided, Tufts CSDD estimates that global drug developers spent about $375 million to perform approximately 25,000 new vendor qualifications and re-qualifications in 2018.
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The food and nutrient intake of 197 market women aged 19-66 years (mean 41 years) have been determined using questionnaire and 24-hour dietary recall. The contributions of street foods (SF) to total intake of food and nutrients we...
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The food and nutrient intake of 197 market women aged 19-66 years (mean 41 years) have been determined using questionnaire and 24-hour dietary recall. The contributions of street foods (SF) to total intake of food and nutrients were determined in order to quantify the importance of SF as a source of food and nutrients for these women. Eighty-three of the women were of child-bearing age (<49 years), Group I, while 114 were not (> 49 years). Overall, SF provided 63% of the weight of total food consumed. The mean energy intake was 11.5 MJ with the older women Group II consuming significantly (P < 0.05) higher than the younger age group (Group I). The contribution of SF to energy intake was similar (59%) for both groups. The older women (Group II) also consumed significantly (P < 0.05) more total protein than the younger women (110 vs 80 g) although SF contributed similar percentages (58 vs 59%). Mean calcium intake was high for the subjects (618 mg) but no significant differences were found between the two age cohorts. The proportion of calcium intake supplied by SF was 79% for Group I and 81% for Group II. There was a wide variation (8.1-16.5 mg) in total daily iron intake. Overall SF provided 57% of the pooled mean intake (12 mg). Mean iron intake for Group II was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than that of Group I. The contribution of SF to the intakes of vitamins was above 50% except for thiamin (47%) in the younger age cohort and Vitamin A (46%) in the older age group. The results suggest therefore that street foods constitute the major sources of dietary energy and other nutrients for market women in Nigeria.
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The objective of this paper is to identify and investigate the various supplier selection (SS) and supplier evaluation (SE) benefits, SS and SE criteria, supplier development (SD) benefits, SD criteria and SD activities, and rank ...
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The objective of this paper is to identify and investigate the various supplier selection (SS) and supplier evaluation (SE) benefits, SS and SE criteria, supplier development (SD) benefits, SD criteria and SD activities, and rank them according to the level of importance. This paper reports the findings of a survey carried in 150 Indian manufacturing organisations over five sectors namely automobile, machine tool/equipment, electrical/electronics, process and fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) through a well designed and validated instrument/questionnaire. The results of this survey give the top ten SS and SE benefits, SS and SE criteria, SD benefits, SD criteria and SD activities according to their level of importance. The practitioners and academicians working in this area can use the results of this survey to decide the importance level of these factors in their organisation. This study can be precise for a specific sector or type of industry by modifying the instrument/questionnaire, based on the opinion of experts from the specific sector or type of industry.
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Modern libraries invest substantial resources in print and electronic serials. Unfortunately librarians do not always understand how financial issues faced by vendors in today's economy can adversely impact library services. Libra...
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Modern libraries invest substantial resources in print and electronic serials. Unfortunately librarians do not always understand how financial issues faced by vendors in today's economy can adversely impact library services. Librarians are careful when initially selecting major vendors; however, good stewardship demands that libraries continue to assess their vendors' financial health throughout the relationship. This article discusses the risks that vendor financial difficulties pose to library operations and recommends methods for librarians to monitor vendor viability.
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Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to develop an instrument/questionnaire to assess the supplier evaluation (SE) criteria and supplier selection (SS) benefits with their level of importance. Design/methodology/approach - This ...
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Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to develop an instrument/questionnaire to assess the supplier evaluation (SE) criteria and supplier selection (SS) benefits with their level of importance. Design/methodology/approach - This paper develops an instrument/questionnaire based on generally accepted principle of instrument design to assess the SE criteria and SS benefits through the responses collected from 34 automobile industries in India. The SE criteria and SS benefits were derived through extensive literature review and expert's opinion. Findings - The reliability, normality and validity of developed instrument/questionnaire were determined through the responses collected from the managers of 34 automobile industries in India and are found to be acceptable for most of the SE criteria and SS benefits. The criterion validity is also found to be fairly good for the developed instrument/questionnaire. Research limitations/implications - While designing the instrument/questionnaire, SE criteria and SS benefits were considered for automobile sector in India through prequestionnaire sheet. Further, research may be required to corroborate these results from larger data sets. Practical implications - Now a days, it is essential for organizations to rely on their suppliers for their survival and to gain competitive advantage. The well developed and validated instrument/questionnaire can be used for industry practitioners in Indian automobile industries to assess the SE criteria and SS benefits. Originality/value - An empirically tested instrument/questionnaire is developed first time to assess the SE criteria and SS benefits for automobile sector in India.
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Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to provide a "trait based approach" for vendor selection and evaluation for expensive procurements in large businesses through a simple and easy-to-use mathematical model using safety, qualit...
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Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to provide a "trait based approach" for vendor selection and evaluation for expensive procurements in large businesses through a simple and easy-to-use mathematical model using safety, quality, delivery and cost criteria. Design/methodology/approach - We use 16 traits addressing safety (S), quality (Q), delivery (D) and cost (C) areas for evaluating performance of a vendor on a linear 10 point scale. We start with evaluating each "supplier-supply item" combination and compute gross averages for each of the SQDC areas and finally arrive at an "Overall Performance Index" for each supplier-supply item combination. These indices form a "Vendor Performance Dashboard" for decision making. Findings - The case study shows that the proposed method is quick and easy to adopt, and provides a logical framework for vendor selection and management, based on performance in the four critical (SQDC) areas. Research limitations/implications - A lot of monotonous computations are required for the proposed vendor evaluation process. Hence, the scope for software development warrants further investigation. There is also a need to develop a process for weighting the different SQDC elements for application in different industry/market contexts. Originality/value - This paper presents a unique and simple approach for generating dashboard data for decisions regarding evaluation of vendors and distribution of sub-contracts in a dynamic technology intensive market with practical examples. The proposed model for vendor selection and determination of order sizes is less dependent on complex algorithms and more practical and logically framed than existing models.
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This study was designed to investigate the presence of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria in aprons and tables used in abattoirs in Abraka and Obiaruku.? A total of one hundred samples were obtained. Fifty samples were obtai...
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This study was designed to investigate the presence of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria in aprons and tables used in abattoirs in Abraka and Obiaruku.? A total of one hundred samples were obtained. Fifty samples were obtained from the aprons of butchers and meat vendors working in an abattoir located in Abraka and fifty samples from the sectioning tables in an abattoir located in Obiaruku using sterile swab sticks. Biochemical tests were carried out to characterize the bacterial isolates and susceptibility carried out using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Out of the 50 aprons sampled, 47 were gram negative bacteria and 3 were gram positive bacteria. The bacteria were: Proteus spp. 16 , Citrobacter spp. 15 , Salmonella spp. 10 , Shigella spp.? 3 , Aeromonas spp. 2 , Providentia spp. 1 , Mycobacterium spp. 1 , Enterococcus spp. 1 and Streptococcus spp. 1 . From the table samples, all 50 were gram negative bacteria. The gram-positive bacteria showed high susceptibility 100% with high zones of inhibition to most antibiotics used. Gram-negative bacteria showed highest susceptibility to erythromycin 95.7% This study reveals that aprons and tables of butchers and meat vendors at the abattoirs are reservoir of various bacteria, some of which are food borne pathogens and are multidrug resistant. The high prevalence of some of these organisms in this study coupled with their high antibiotic resistance profile is reflective of the poor hygiene practices carried out at the abattoirs in Abraka and Obiaruku and thus, pose a serious public health concern to the consumers of meat from such abattoirs.
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Introduction: In September 2014, the Government of India introduced legislation requiring all tobacco packaging to display a health warning covering 85% (60% pictorial, 25% text) of the principal display area of the pack, of at le...
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Introduction: In September 2014, the Government of India introduced legislation requiring all tobacco packaging to display a health warning covering 85% (60% pictorial, 25% text) of the principal display area of the pack, of at least 4 cm in height and 3.5 cm width, with legible text in a white font on a black background and in English and/or the same Indian language as the language used on the pack. We evaluated compliance with this legislation in the Udupi district of Karnataka, India. Methods: We procured one example of every tobacco pack of cigarettes, beedis, chewing tobacco, and snuff sold by a convenience sample of retailers in one urban and two rural areas in each of the five administrative blocks of the Udupi district between June and August 2018. For each pack we measured the size of the health warning, calculated the proportion of the pack covered, and assessed the legibility. Results: A total of 365 packs were collected from retailers, with 357 of these branded and eight, all packs of snuff, unbranded. Warnings on 320 (87.3%) packs did not reach the legally required proportional magnitude, warnings on 140 (38.4%) packs were not legible, and warnings on 117 packs (32.1%) did not meet the language requirement. Only 45 packs (12.3%) were fully compliant. Conclusions: Compliance with warning legislation in this district of India is low, highlighting the need for more effective enforcement.
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