摘要 :
Vertical standards describe products and services, define data formats and structures, and formalize and encode business processes for specific industries. Vertical standards enable end-to-end computing, provide greater visibility...
展开
Vertical standards describe products and services, define data formats and structures, and formalize and encode business processes for specific industries. Vertical standards enable end-to-end computing, provide greater visibility of the organization s supply chain, and enable transactional efficiencies by automating routine tasks, reducing errors, and formally defining all parameters used to describe a product, service, or transaction. Research on standards diffusion has explored either firm-level and institutional variables, with?out integration 0f the two areas. This study develops scales for 11 constructs based on concepts culled from diffusion of innovations theory, organizational learning theories of technology adoption, institutional theory and network effects theory. The scales are validated with data collected from the membership 0f OASIS, a leading international standards-developing organization/or electronic commerce technologies. Using data cluster analysis, relationship patterns between the 11 constructs are investigated. Results show that low fit between vertical standards and existing organizational business processes and data formats, low levels 0f anticipated benefits, and inadequate momentum with critical business partners contribute to slower vertical standards assimilation. However; organizational involvement with influential standards-development orga?nizations, and the right set of technologies, skills, and structures to readily benefit from vertical standards spur their assimilation.
收起
摘要 :
After half a century of development, modern near-infrared spectroscopy technology has now reached a relatively mature level. It is widely used in agriculture, food, petrochemical, and pharmaceutical fields and is playing an increa...
展开
After half a century of development, modern near-infrared spectroscopy technology has now reached a relatively mature level. It is widely used in agriculture, food, petrochemical, and pharmaceutical fields and is playing an increasingly important role in industrial and agricultural production and commerce effect. The formulation of the NIR spectroscopy method standards represents to a certain extent the degree of recognition of the technology and the actual application. This article reviews the standards of near-infrared spectroscopy at home and abroad in order to put the myriad standards in one listing in the Journal where they would be most helpful.
收起
摘要 :
In this paper, we report on our research to improve the creation, implementation, and evolution of interoperability standards. Our approach was to systematically investigate a particular evolving interoperability standard, i.e., T...
展开
In this paper, we report on our research to improve the creation, implementation, and evolution of interoperability standards. Our approach was to systematically investigate a particular evolving interoperability standard, i.e., Teletext, to obtain relevant and beneficial insights that might generalize to other standards. In particular, our approach consisted of the following steps. One, define clear and generic quality criteria to evaluate and analyze evolving interoperability standards. Two, find weaknesses as perceived by users of the Teletext standard. Three, look for possible solutions to overcome these weaknesses. Four, analyze these weaknesses and their solutions using the defined quality criteria to arrive at underlying root causes and fundamental principles that might generalize to the creation, implementation, and evolution of other evolving standards. For standards definition, we extracted two principles: the need for explicit documentation of potential issues, and the need for a long-ranging vision, such that new options can be incorporated in a pre-competitive stage. For standards implementation, a fundamental principle is the use of defensive programming techniques.
收起
摘要 :
This article summarizes the approach and work of ISO/IEC in the development and delivery of standards and details the main JTC 1 multimedia and global information infrastructure activities, relationships, achievements, and plans.
摘要 :
The success of any particular effort at standards development depends on the working group chair's ability to facilitate collaborative participation, achieve community consensus, and focus on the user community's needs for a proposed standard.
摘要 :
A szabvanyositasban erdekelt vaskohaszati gazdalkodo szervezetek szamara fontos, hogy az europai szabvanyositasi munkat erinto dontesekrol megfeleloen tajekozodjanak. Beszamolunk a CEN tagsagbol adodo uj szempontok szerinti munkar...
展开
A szabvanyositasban erdekelt vaskohaszati gazdalkodo szervezetek szamara fontos, hogy az europai szabvanyositasi munkat erinto dontesekrol megfeleloen tajekozodjanak. Beszamolunk a CEN tagsagbol adodo uj szempontok szerinti munkarol es feladatokrol. A vaskohaszati erdekek kepviseletet a Magyar Vas- es Acelipan Egyesules vegzi.
收起
摘要 :
The appropriated information of the metallurgical companies about the situation of the European standardization activities is very important. The CEN membership opens new possibilities for the Hungarian metallurgical industry. The...
展开
The appropriated information of the metallurgical companies about the situation of the European standardization activities is very important. The CEN membership opens new possibilities for the Hungarian metallurgical industry. The Hungarian Iron and Steel Association manages the activities of the corporate system for the Hungarian metallurgists.
收起
摘要 :
Proprietary standardization seeks to increase a firm's market share (pie sharing). Open standardization seeks to increase the size of the market (pie expansion). In order to determine which of these creates more value for a firm i...
展开
Proprietary standardization seeks to increase a firm's market share (pie sharing). Open standardization seeks to increase the size of the market (pie expansion). In order to determine which of these creates more value for a firm involved in standardization, this paper investigates the market value of standardization initiatives, using an event study based on 148 XML schema standardization initiatives collected from the Lexis-Nexis database between January 1999 and December 2003. The results show that financial markets respond positively to announcements of proprietary XML schema standardization, but not to those of open XML schema standardization. Moreover, investors do not develop a preference for open standards over time. These results have implications for the management of standardization strategies and identify future research opportunities.
收起
摘要 :
This artide presents the results of an explorative study for the lifetimes and survival rates offormal standards in telecommunication and informatfon technology. The analysis reveals that the survival rate depends on the dynamic d...
展开
This artide presents the results of an explorative study for the lifetimes and survival rates offormal standards in telecommunication and informatfon technology. The analysis reveals that the survival rate depends on the dynamic development-oftechnologies and on country-specific characteristics. In a second step, we tried to identify factors influendng the lifetimes of standards. In general, standards replacing an already existing document have an expected survival time compared to documents without a predecessor. Standards with a successor document have, as anticipated, a shorter expected lifetime. Finally, the increased speed of technological change reduces the lifetimes of standards. Based on these first insights, we derive the following recommendations. First, standardisation bodies should adapt their standard maintenance according to the specific requirements oftechnologies and the related markets, but should also harmonise their processes at the international level in order to avoid frictions for the development of technologies and markets.
收起
原文获取