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Проанализированы показатели общей и первичной заболеваемости взрослого населения, а также их структуры. Выявлен рост заболе...
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Проанализированы показатели общей и первичной заболеваемости взрослого населения, а также их структуры. Выявлен рост заболеваний, а также низкий охват диспансерным наблюдением взрослого населения, страдающего хроническими заболеванияи.
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В статье проанализирована заболеваемость московских школьников за последние 50 лет на основании результатов углубленных обс...
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В статье проанализирована заболеваемость московских школьников за последние 50 лет на основании результатов углубленных обследований учащихся, проведенных сотрудниками НИИ гигиены и охраны здоровья детей и подростков.Установлено значительное уменьшение числа абсолютно здоровых детей, численность которых в настоящее время составляет 2-4%. Показано существенное увеличение распространенности функциональных отклонений и хронических заболеваний среди школьников. Особенно высокий темп прироста заболеваемости наблюдался в 90-х годах прошлого века. За 50 лет изменилась структура заболеваемости учащихся. На изменение уровней и структуры заболеваемости детей и подростков оказывают влияние как медико-биологические, так и психосоциальные факторы.
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В статье проанализирована заболеваемость московских школьников за последние 50 лет на основании результатов углубленных обс...
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В статье проанализирована заболеваемость московских школьников за последние 50 лет на основании результатов углубленных обследований учащихся, проведенных сотрудниками НИИ гигиены и охраны здоровья детей и подростков.Установлено значительное уменьшение числа абсолютно здоровых детей, численность которых в настоящее время составляет 2-4%. Показано существенное увеличение распространенности функциональных отклонений и хронических заболеваний среди школьников. Особенно высокий темп прироста заболеваемости наблюдался в 90-х годах прошлого века. За 50 лет изменилась структура заболеваемости учащихся. На изменение уровней и структуры заболеваемости детей и подростков оказывают влияние как медико-биологические, так и психосоциальные факторы.
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Purpose of review Internationally there has been increased interest in maternal morbidity; both as a strategy to reduce maternal deaths and also because of the significant impact on a woman's life as a result of suffering from mat...
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Purpose of review Internationally there has been increased interest in maternal morbidity; both as a strategy to reduce maternal deaths and also because of the significant impact on a woman's life as a result of suffering from maternal morbidity. The present review will evaluate the current knowledge of, and strategies to reduce maternal morbidity. Recent findings The study of maternal morbidity and how to reduce it has been hampered for many years by the lack of a standard approach to measurement and evaluation. The World Health Organization has attempted to standardize the approach to maternal morbidity with the development of a new definition that recognizes the multiple dimensions of maternal morbidity, including external factors such as socioeconomic factors. This approach will assist with a more accurate evaluation of maternal morbidity. Maternal morbidity arises from many and varied causes. Many of these are amenable to quality improvement with an associated reduction in maternal morbidity. There have been significant advances in the understanding of maternal morbidity: incidence causes and management. Future research should aim to establish accurate rates for maternal morbidity and further develop ways for healthcare professionals, including anaesthesia care providers, to reduce it.
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Background: While carrying twin pregnancy can be exciting for the family, the risk of illnesses increase manifold when compared to singleton pregnancies. This study was conducted to know about the factors that can be associated wi...
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Background: While carrying twin pregnancy can be exciting for the family, the risk of illnesses increase manifold when compared to singleton pregnancies. This study was conducted to know about the factors that can be associated with the determination of mortality and morbidity revolving around the twin gestation.
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BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of pregnancy-related death in the United States. Identification of short-term indicators of cardiovascular morbidity has the potential to alter the course of this devastating...
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BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of pregnancy-related death in the United States. Identification of short-term indicators of cardiovascular morbidity has the potential to alter the course of this devastating disease among women. It has been established that hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease 10-30 years after delivery; however, little is known about the association of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy with cardiovascular morbidity during the delivery hospitalization.
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Objective?This study aimed to compare morbidities among nonmacrosomic versus macrosomic singleton live births of nondiabetic women who labored. Study Design?This retrospective study utilized the 2003 revision of U.S. birth certifi...
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Objective?This study aimed to compare morbidities among nonmacrosomic versus macrosomic singleton live births of nondiabetic women who labored. Study Design?This retrospective study utilized the 2003 revision of U.S. birth certificate data of singleton live births (2011–2013) at 37 to 41?weeks who labored. The primary outcomes were composite maternal and neonatal morbidities (CMM and CNM, respectively). We compared these outcomes by birth weight, 2,500 to 3,999?g (group 1; reference), 4,000 to 4,449?g (group 2), and 4,500 to 5,999?g (group 3). We used multivariable Poisson regression analyses to examine the association between birth weight groups and the outcomes. Results?Among 6,691,338 live births, 92.0% were in group 1, 7.1% in group 2, and 0.9% in group 3. The overall CMM and CNM rates were 4.4 and 6.8 per 1,000 live births, respectively. Compared with group 1, the risk of CMM was significantly higher in group 2 (adjusted risk ratio [aRR]?=?1.50; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.44–1.56) and group 3 (aRR?=?2.00; 95% CI: 1.82–2.19). Likewise, the risk of CNM was significantly higher in group 2 (aRR?=?1.38; 95% CI: 1.33–1.43) and group 3 (aRR?=?2.57; 95% CI: 2.40–2.75) than in group 1. Conclusion?Nondiabetic women who labor with a macrosomic newborns have a significantly higher rate of adverse outcomes than nonmacrosomic.
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Objective To compare obstetric and neonatal outcomes between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive (HIV+) and HIV negative (HIV-) women and to determine if racial disparities exist among pregnancies complicated by HIV infect...
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Objective To compare obstetric and neonatal outcomes between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive (HIV+) and HIV negative (HIV-) women and to determine if racial disparities exist among pregnancies complicated by HIV infection. Study Design This was a retrospective analysis of data from the Consortium of Safe Labor between 2002 and 2008. Comparisons of obstetric morbidity, neonatal morbidity, and indications for cesarean delivery were examined. Included were singletons with documented HIV status, race, and antepartum admission. Chi-square, Fisher exact tests, and logistic regression were used for statistical analysis. Results Included were 178,972 patients (178,210 HIV-, 762 HIV+, 464 HIV+ black, 298 HIV+ nonblack). HIV+ women were more likely to have a cesarean delivery, preterm premature rupture of membranes, another sexually transmitted infection, and delivery at an earlier gestational age. Obstetric outcomes were similar between HIV+ black and HIV+ nonblack women. Neonates of HIV+ mothers had lower birth weights and higher rates of neonatal intensive care admissions. HIV+ black women had lower birth weight neonates than HIV+ nonblack women. Conclusion HIV+ women have higher rates of obstetric complications and deliver at an earlier gestational age than HIV- mothers. Lower birth weight was the only notable complication among HIV+ black women compared with HIV+ nonblack women.
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Background: Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is a relatively new bariatric procedure with a number of advantages compared with Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. However, SG also has a number of disadvantages and associated risks. We sought to exam...
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Background: Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is a relatively new bariatric procedure with a number of advantages compared with Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. However, SG also has a number of disadvantages and associated risks. We sought to examine perioperative complications and early outcomes of laparoscopic SG (LSG). Patients and methods: Since July 2013, LSG has been performed at surgery unit8B- department of surgery, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt, and we reviewed the cases of all patients. We conducted a retrospective review in September 2015. Results: Forty patients had LSG, and none was lost to follow-up. Indications for LSG over other bariatric procedures were patient preference 80% (n =32), severe obesity with a body mass index (BMI) greater than 60 kg/m2 (n =5) and severe upper abdominal adhesions (n=3). 28 patients out of forty were women, while the other 12 were men; and the average age was 38 (standard deviation [SD] 10) years. Preoperatively, the average BMI was 50.3 (SD 7.7)kg/m2. Preoperative obesity-related comorbidity rates were 25% (n =10) for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), 50% (n =20) for hypertension, 20% (n = 8) for dyslipidemia, 10% (n = 4) for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), 30% (n = 12) for knee and/or hip pain and 37.5% (n=15) for depression and/or anxiety. The mean duration of surgery was 78 (SD 21) minutes. There were 2 major perioperative complications: 1 staple line leak and 1 gastric pouch (sleeve) stricture. The median stay in hospital was 3 days. Postoperative upper gastrointestinal imaging studies were conducted in all patients; 1 was positive for staple line leak. Histopathology on the excised gastric segments revealed chronic helicobacter pylori gastritis in 4 patients. The mean postoperative follow-up interval was 10 months. Weight loss averaged 28.4 (SD 9.3)kg. Overall weight loss was 3.7 (SD 1.8) kg/month. Resolution occurred in 60% of patients with T2DM, 40% with hypertension, 25% with dyslipidemia, 75% with OSA, 25% with joint pain and 80% with depression/anxiety. Overall satisfaction was rated as excellent by 60% of patients (n =24), good by 25% (n=10) and poor by 15% of patients (n=6). Conclusion: Preliminary analysis of our experience with LSG indicates that this is an effective and safe procedure for the treatment of obesity.
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Objective: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effects of the increased number of caesarean deliveries (CDs) in cases of multiple repeat caesarean deliveries (MRCDs) on maternal and neonatal morbidity.
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