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Purpose - The fusion energy research in Europe is developed by a set of laboratories of different countries and organisations. EFDA is an organisation whose main objective is to promote and improve the coordination and collaborati...
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Purpose - The fusion energy research in Europe is developed by a set of laboratories of different countries and organisations. EFDA is an organisation whose main objective is to promote and improve the coordination and collaboration among these laboratories. This paper sets out to describe a working federation (EFDA-Fed) that gathers EFDA (as organisation) and a set of fusion research laboratories: EURATOM/CIEMAT (Spain), CEA (France), JET (UK), IST (Portugal) and KFKI/HAS (Hungary). Design/methodology/approach - To achieve the objective a federation among all the organisations has been implemented based on PAPI as the authentication and authorization infrastructure that provides a security layer for accessing data among organisations. Findings - During the implementation of EFDA federation some improvements in distributed single sign on systems have been achieved such as the integration of JAVA applications and a single sign off mechanism. Practical implications - Users who belong to one of the federated organisations will be able to access from any IP address to resources located in any organisation of the federation in a secure way. On the other hand, new resources can be shared for federated users and access policies to these services can be implemented. Originality/value - The paper describes a successful use of an open source technology (PAPI) for implementing a real multi-organisation infrastructure for sharing services in a secure way, and integrating client applications and with a complete single sign off mechanism.
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Current industrial civilization relies on conventional energy sources and utilizes large and inefficient energy conversion systems. Increasing concerns regarding conventional fuel supplies and their environmental impacts (includin...
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Current industrial civilization relies on conventional energy sources and utilizes large and inefficient energy conversion systems. Increasing concerns regarding conventional fuel supplies and their environmental impacts (including greenhouse gas emissions, which contribute to climate change) have promoted the importance of renewable energy (RE) sources for generating electricity and heat. This comprehensive review investigates integrating renewable energy sources (RES) with thermal energy storage (TES) systems, focusing on recent advancements and innovative approaches. Various RES (including solar, wind, geothermal, and ocean energy sources) are integrated with TES technologies such as sensible and latent TES systems. This review highlights the advantages and challenges of integrating RES and TES systems, emphasizing the importance of hybridizing multiple renewable energy sources to compensate for their deficiencies. Valuable outputs from these integrated systems (such as hydrogen production, electric power and freshwater) are discussed. The overall significance of RES–TES hybrid systems in addressing global energy demand and resource challenges is emphasized, demonstrating their potential to substitute fossil-fuel sources. This review provides a thorough understanding of the current state of RES–TES integration and offers insights into future developments in optimizing the utilization of renewable energy sources.
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The purpose of this article is to study the conditions and actions for the use of alternative energy, mainly solar, in Uzbekistan, to find opportunities to accelerate this process. Therefore, the authors gave a description of the ...
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The purpose of this article is to study the conditions and actions for the use of alternative energy, mainly solar, in Uzbekistan, to find opportunities to accelerate this process. Therefore, the authors gave a description of the directions and prospects for the implementation of projects for the use of predominantly solar energy in Uzbekistan, studied the directions and prospects for its use, and provided criteria for the introduction of solar and wind energy. The authors noted that ensuring the development of alternative energy is carry out by ensuring the transformation of existing energy systems, taking into account new innovative technologies for generating electricity from renewable sources, as well as conducting new research to improve the efficiency of existing installations. Conclusions are formulated on expanding the use of solar and wind energy in Uzbekistan, which, according to the authors, will help in increasing the country's energy capacity.
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Проведены экспериментальные исследования особенностей формирования пленок платины на додложках п-6Н-SiC при реализации разли...
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Проведены экспериментальные исследования особенностей формирования пленок платины на додложках п-6Н-SiC при реализации различных .способов импульсного лазерного осаждения. Осаждение проводилось как в вакууме традиционным способом, так и в инертной газовой среде c применением дискового экрана, устанавливаемого на оси разлета факела между лазерной мишенью и подложкой для защиты подложки от частиц микронных и субмикронных размеров. Разработана компьютерная модель такого процесса, которая позволяет прогнозировать распределение осаждаемой пленки по поверхности подложки, энергетические и угловые параметры атомарного потока при варьировании свойств лазерного факела, давления инертного газа и расположения экрана. Результаты моделирования использовались для объяснения электрических свойств тонкопленочных структур Pt/n-6Н-SiC, полученных различными способами.
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Benchmarking makes it possible to identify low-performing buildings, establishes a baseline for measuring performance improvements, enables setting of energy conservation targets, and encourages energy savings by creating a compet...
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Benchmarking makes it possible to identify low-performing buildings, establishes a baseline for measuring performance improvements, enables setting of energy conservation targets, and encourages energy savings by creating a competitive environment. Statistical approaches evaluate building energy efficiency by comparing measured energy consumption to other similar buildings typically using annual measurements. However, it is important to consider different time periods in benchmarking because of differences in their consumption patterns. For example, an office can be efficient during the night, but inefficient during operating hours due to occupants' wasteful behavior. Moreover, benchmarking studies often use a single regression model for different building categories. Selecting the regression model based on actual data would ensure that the model fits the data well. Consequently, this paper proposes Energy Slices, an energy benchmarking approach with time slicing for existing buildings. Time slicing enables separation of time periods with different consumption patterns. The regression model suited for the specific scenario is selected using cross validation, which ensures that the model performs well on previously unseen data. The evaluation is carried out on a case study involving two sports arenas; event energy efficiency is benchmarked to identify low-performing events. The case study demonstrates the Energy Slice procedure and shows the importance of model selection.
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Purpose - This paper aims to identify and introduce areas in Kerman with a very high potential for produce energy from renewable energy. In this paper, with studying renewable energy resources of the world and Iran, and with the i...
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Purpose - This paper aims to identify and introduce areas in Kerman with a very high potential for produce energy from renewable energy. In this paper, with studying renewable energy resources of the world and Iran, and with the introduction of renewable energy resources in Kerman Province and its counties as a proper supplier of energy in Iran and regions. At the end of this discussion, it is seen that the positive impact of clean energies on the economy, the environment and the health of the region and the country and the potential of the Kerman Province in this rare energy place are considered well. Design methodology/approach - To study the energy consumption in Iran and based on universal reports, this area is the largest renewable energy production region in Iran. Findings - Currently, electricity used in Kerman is nearly 2,000 MW, while the capacity of production is 1,500 MW which is almost the share of renewable energy in electricity production rate is zero. With regard to industrial development plans in Kerman Province, 5,000 MW of electricity will be needed in the near future, so the province will face an energy crisis. Iran is also a developing country and economy; agriculture and the production of this country is extremely dependent on energy and electricity, and it seems that using renewable energy sources is a way to prevent an energy crisis in the country. Originality/value - This paper introduces the Kerman Province and examines the potential of this province as a massive source of energy in Iran and the world. Specific qualifications of this region include the climate variability, existing water dams, suitable areas for utilization of biomass and the high potential that this area has for the development of geothermal energy. These qualifications all contribute to make this region a hub for great production of energy from renewable energy sources in Iran.
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This paper includes a review of the different computer tools that can be used to analyse the integration of renewable energy. Initially 68 tools were considered, but 37 were included in the final analysis which was carried out in ...
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This paper includes a review of the different computer tools that can be used to analyse the integration of renewable energy. Initially 68 tools were considered, but 37 were included in the final analysis which was carried out in collaboration with the tool developers or recommended points of contact. The results in this paper provide the information necessary to identify a suitable energy tool for analysing the integration of renewable energy into various energy-systems under different objectives. It is evident from this paper that there is no energy tool that addresses all issues related to integrating renewable energy, but instead the 'ideal' energy tool is highly dependent on the specific objectives that must be fulfilled. The typical applications for the 37 tools reviewed (from analysing single-building systems to national energy-systems), combined with numerous other factors such as the energy-sectors considered, technologies accounted for, time parameters used, tool availability, and previous studies, will alter the perception of the 'ideal' energy tool. In conclusion, this paper provides the information necessary to direct the decision-maker towards a suitable energy tool for an analysis that must be completed.
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We work with policymakers in eight cities worldwide to identify technology pathways toward their near- and long-term carbon emissions reduction targets for existing buildings. Based on policymakers’ interests, we define city-spec...
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We work with policymakers in eight cities worldwide to identify technology pathways toward their near- and long-term carbon emissions reduction targets for existing buildings. Based on policymakers’ interests, we define city-specific shallow and deep retrofitting packages along with onsite photovoltaic generation potential. Without further grid decarbonization measures, stock-wide implementation of these retrofits in the investigated neighborhoods reduces energy use and carbon emissions by up to 66% and 84%, respectively, helping Braga, Dublin, Florianopolis, Middlebury, and Singapore to meet their 2030 goals. With projected grid decarbonization, Florianopolis and Singapore will reach their 2050 goals. The remaining emissions stem from municipalities not planning to electrify heating and/or domestic hot water use. Different climates and construction practices lead to varying retrofit packages, suggesting that comparable technology pathway analyses should be conducted for municipalities worldwide. Twenty months after the project ended, seven cities have implemented policy measures or expanded the analysis across their building stock. Here, the authors perform analysis of technology pathways for existing buildings using urban building energy models developed with cities, showing that shallow and deep retrofits along with onsite photovoltaic and grid decarbonization can help achieve carbon reduction targets.
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摘要 :
We work with policymakers in eight cities worldwide to identify technology pathways toward their near- and long-term carbon emissions reduction targets for existing buildings. Based on policymakers’ interests, we define city-spec...
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We work with policymakers in eight cities worldwide to identify technology pathways toward their near- and long-term carbon emissions reduction targets for existing buildings. Based on policymakers’ interests, we define city-specific shallow and deep retrofitting packages along with onsite photovoltaic generation potential. Without further grid decarbonization measures, stock-wide implementation of these retrofits in the investigated neighborhoods reduces energy use and carbon emissions by up to 66% and 84%, respectively, helping Braga, Dublin, Florianopolis, Middlebury, and Singapore to meet their 2030 goals. With projected grid decarbonization, Florianopolis and Singapore will reach their 2050 goals. The remaining emissions stem from municipalities not planning to electrify heating and/or domestic hot water use. Different climates and construction practices lead to varying retrofit packages, suggesting that comparable technology pathway analyses should be conducted for municipalities worldwide. Twenty months after the project ended, seven cities have implemented policy measures or expanded the analysis across their building stock. Here, the authors perform analysis of technology pathways for existing buildings using urban building energy models developed with cities, showing that shallow and deep retrofits along with onsite photovoltaic and grid decarbonization can help achieve carbon reduction targets.
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The importance of energy efficiency was first realized following the two oil crises of the 1970s. The world has trimmed its energy budget by utilizing higher efficiencies, while still growing economically, and has realized the imp...
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The importance of energy efficiency was first realized following the two oil crises of the 1970s. The world has trimmed its energy budget by utilizing higher efficiencies, while still growing economically, and has realized the importance of protecting the environment. The main objective of this paper is to investigate the development of industrial energy efficiency and management studies in Turkey up until August 2001. In Turkey, the demand for energy efficiency started in the 1980s. Planned energy conservation activities were first implemented in 1981 by the General Directorate of Electrical Power Resources Survey Administration (called EIE in Turkey). Since 1981, EIE has been conducting these activities. In the beginning of the year 1993, the National Energy Conservation Center (NECC) was established within the body of EIE. EIE/ NECC investigated the nationwide potential for energy conservation. The study concluded that the Turkish industrial sector has an annual energy saving potential of approximately 30%. After this study, a regulation on industrial energy efficiency was issued in 1995, followed by two announcements related to designing energy management courses and performing energy audits in 1996 and 1998, respectively. By means of these regulations, the Turkish industrial sector has significantly accelerated efforts in implementing energy efficiency and management studies in the country.
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