摘要 :
Textile electrodes have become popular in recent years for their good skin sensorial comfort and their good integration with clothing, which offers great potential for sensing of signals for wearable end uses. However, in comparis...
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Textile electrodes have become popular in recent years for their good skin sensorial comfort and their good integration with clothing, which offers great potential for sensing of signals for wearable end uses. However, in comparison with wet electrodes, dry textile electrodes have much higher and unstable skin-electrode impedance, which could introduce differential noise in signals and cause difficulties in results and diagnosis. To solve this problem, this paper is focused on determining the reasons for this phenomenon and optimizing the performance of textile electrode. Several factors have been examined and the results indicate that the skin-electrode impedance performance is very sensitive to changes of electrode position, size and holding pressure. The fabrication of textile electrode and its optimum holding pressure and size are also described in this paper. Through the implementation of electrocardiogram (ECG) measurements, it was demonstrated that when the electrode size and holding pressure are optimized, the textile electrodes can achieve similar signal performance as wet electrodes.
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A mathematical model is developed to simulate the discharge of a LiFePO_4 cathode. This model contains three size scales, which match with experimental observations present in the literature on the multiscale nature of LiFePO4 mat...
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A mathematical model is developed to simulate the discharge of a LiFePO_4 cathode. This model contains three size scales, which match with experimental observations present in the literature on the multiscale nature of LiFePO4 material. A shrinking core is used on the smallest scale to represent the phase transition of LiFePO4 during discharge. The model is then validated against existing experimental data and this validated model is then used to investigate parameters that influence active material utilization. Specifically, the size and composition of agglomerates of LiFePO4 crystals is discussed, and we investigate and quantify the relative effects that the ionic and electronic conductivities within the oxide have on oxide utilization. We find that agglomerates of crystals can be tolerated under low discharge rates. The role of the electrolyte in limiting (cathodic) discharge is also discussed, and we show that electrolyte transport does limit performance at high discharge rates, confirming the conclusions of recent literature.
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Plasticized membranes using N-(-3-((thiazol-2-ylimino)methyl)benzylidene)thiazol-2-amine (S-1) and 5-((-3-((5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-ylimino)methyl)benzylidene)amino)-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol (S2) have been prepared and expl...
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Plasticized membranes using N-(-3-((thiazol-2-ylimino)methyl)benzylidene)thiazol-2-amine (S-1) and 5-((-3-((5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-ylimino)methyl)benzylidene)amino)-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol (S2) have been prepared and explored as Er (III) selective electrodes. Effect of various plasticizers viz. dibutylphthalate, tri-nbutylphosphate, dioctylphthalate, acetophenone, 1-chloronapthalene, o-nitrophenyloctylether, and anion excluders viz. sodium tetraphenylborate and potassium tetrakis-p-(chlorophenyl)borate was studied in detail and improved performance was observed. Optimum performance was observed for the membrane electrode having a composition of S-2: PVC: o-NPOE: KTpCIPB in the ratio of 4: 38: 55: 3 (w/w, mg). The performance of the PME based on S-2 was compared with CGE. The electrodes exhibit Nernstian slope for Er (III) ion with detection limit 5.4 x 10(-8) mol L-1 for PME and 6.1 x 10(-9) mol L-1 for CGE. The response time for PME and CGE was found to be 12 s and 9 s respectively. The practical utility of the CGE has been demonstrated by its usage as an indicator electrode in potentiometric titration of EDTA with Er (III) solution and determination of fluoride ions in mouthwash solution. The proposed electrode was also applied to the determination of added Er3+ ion in water and binary mixtures. It is found that the electrode could be able to recover the Er3+ ion in 96.2-99.5%. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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摘要 :
Plasticized membranes using N-(-3-((thiazol-2-ylimino)methyl)benzylidene)thiazol-2-amine (S_1) and 5-((-3-((5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-ylimino)methyl)benzylidene)amino)-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol (S_2) have been prepared and exp...
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Plasticized membranes using N-(-3-((thiazol-2-ylimino)methyl)benzylidene)thiazol-2-amine (S_1) and 5-((-3-((5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-ylimino)methyl)benzylidene)amino)-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol (S_2) have been prepared and explored as Er (Ⅲ) selective electrodes. Effect of various plasticizers viz. dibutylphthalate, tri-n-butylphosphate, dioctylphthalate, acetophenone, 1-chloronapthalene, o-nitrophenyloctylether, and anion excluders viz. sodium tetraphenylborate and potassium tetrakis-p-(chlorophenyl)borate was studied in detail and improved performance was observed. Optimum performance was observed for the membrane electrode having a composition of S_2: PVC: o-NPOE: KTpClPB in the ratio of 4: 38: 55: 3 (w/w, mg). The performance of the PME based on S_2 was compared with CGE. The electrodes exhibit Nernstian slope for Er (Ⅲ) ion with detection limit 5.4 × 10~(-8) mol L~(-1) for PME and 6.1 × 10~(-9) mol L~(-1) for CGE. The response time for PME and CGE was found to be 12 s and 9 s respectively. The practical utility of the CGE has been demonstrated by its usage as an indicator electrode in potentiometric titration of EDTA with Er (Ⅲ) solution and determination of fluoride ions in mouthwash solution. The proposed electrode was also applied to the determination of added Er~(3+) ion in water and binary mixtures. It is found that the electrode could be able to recover the Er~(3+) ion in 96.2-99.5%.
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New membrane iodide-mercury selective electrode has been developed. The electrode consisted of 20/100 ion exchanger, tridodesylmethylammoniumiodide (PTDMAI), as the active material, 60/100 PVC as the membrane matrix and dibutylpht...
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New membrane iodide-mercury selective electrode has been developed. The electrode consisted of 20/100 ion exchanger, tridodesylmethylammoniumiodide (PTDMAI), as the active material, 60/100 PVC as the membrane matrix and dibutylphtalate (DBF) as the plasticiser. An analytically useful potential change occurs from 10~6 to 10~1 M iodide ion, and the slope of the linear portion is about 54 mV per decade change in iodide concentration. No interference was observed for SO_4~2 -, Cl~-, Br~-, F~-, Cu~2+ and Fe ~3+ ions. The same electrode showed a good response for Hg(II) and a linear relationship was observed in the 10~1 to 10~5 M concentration range with a slope of 30-32 mV a pH values of 2-4 and 48 mV at pH values of 6-8 per decade.
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Novel Fe~(3+) ion-selective polymeric membrane electrodes (PMEs) were prepared using three different ionophores N-(4-(dimethylamino)benzylidene)thiazol-2-amine [L_1], 5-((3-methylthiophene-2yl) methyleneamino)-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-...
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Novel Fe~(3+) ion-selective polymeric membrane electrodes (PMEs) were prepared using three different ionophores N-(4-(dimethylamino)benzylidene)thiazol-2-amine [L_1], 5-((3-methylthiophene-2yl) methyleneamino)-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol [L_2] and N-((3-methylthiophene-2yl)methylene)thiazol-2-amine [L_3] and their potentiometric characteristics were discussed. Effect of various plasticizers and anion excluders was also studied in detail and improved performance was observed. The best performance was obtained for themembrane electrode having a composition of L2:PVC:o-NPOE:NaTPB as 3:38.5:56:2.5 (w/w; mg). A coated graphite electrode (CGE)was also prepared with the same composition and compared. CGE is found to perform better as it shows a wider working concentration range of 8.3 ×10~(-8)-1.0 × 10~(-1) mol L~(-1), a lower detection limit of 2.3 × 10~(-8) mol L~(-1), and a near Nernstian slope of 19.5 ± 0.4 mV decade~(?1) of activitywith a response time of 10 s. The CGE shows a shelf life of 6 weeks and in viewof high selectivity, it can be used to quantify Fe~(3+) ion inwater, soil,vegetableandmedicinal plants. It can also be used as an indicator electrode in potentiometric titration of EDTA with Fe~(3+) ion.
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摘要 :
Novel Fe~(3+) ion-selective polymeric membrane electrodes (PMEs) were prepared using three different ionophores N-(4-(dimethylamino)benzylidene)thiazol-2-amine [L_1], 5-((3-methylthiophene-2yl) methyleneamino)-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-...
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Novel Fe~(3+) ion-selective polymeric membrane electrodes (PMEs) were prepared using three different ionophores N-(4-(dimethylamino)benzylidene)thiazol-2-amine [L_1], 5-((3-methylthiophene-2yl) methyleneamino)-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol [L_2] and N-((3-methylthiophene-2yl)methylene)thiazol-2-amine [L_3] and their potentiometric characteristics were discussed. Effect of various plasticizers and anion excluders was also studied in detail and improved performance was observed. The best performance was obtained for the membrane electrode having a composition of L_2:PVC:o-NPOE:NaTPB as 3:38.5:56:2.5 (w/w; mg). Acoated graphite electrode (CGE) was also prepared with the same composition and compared. CGE is found to perform better as it shows a wider working concentration range of 8.3 × 10~(-8)-1.0 × 10~(-1) mol L~(-1), a lower detection limit of 2.3 × 10~(-8) mol L~(-1), and a near Nernstian slope of 19.5 ± 0.4 mV decade~(-1) of activity with a response time of 10 s. The CGE shows a shelf life of 6 weeks and in view of high selectivity, it can be used to quantify Fe~(3+) ion in water, soil, vegetable and medicinal plants. It can also be used as an indicator electrode in potentiometric titration of EDTA with Fe~(3+) ion.
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Problem of many electrochemical sensor applications is the degradation of electrodes surfaces. Many traditional materials that are used in electrochemical application have been limitations for water analyses. One of perspective so...
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Problem of many electrochemical sensor applications is the degradation of electrodes surfaces. Many traditional materials that are used in electrochemical application have been limitations for water analyses. One of perspective solutions of water assays problems are electrode surfaces modifi cation and new electrode materials fabrication technologies.
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摘要 :
Problem of many electrochemical sensor applications is the degradation of electrodes surfaces. Many traditional materials that are used in electrochemical application have been limitations for water analyses. One of perspective so...
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Problem of many electrochemical sensor applications is the degradation of electrodes surfaces. Many traditional materials that are used in electrochemical application have been limitations for water analyses. One of perspective solutions of water assays problems are electrode surfaces modifi cation and new electrode materials fabrication technologies.
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The author affiliations as published for the papers listed above are incorrect. The correct affiliation should be solely the Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. The Harbin Institute of Technol...
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The author affiliations as published for the papers listed above are incorrect. The correct affiliation should be solely the Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China. The Harbin Institute of Technology should not have been listed as an affiliation, but instead should have been noted as the present address of the author. Below is the letter received from the author regarding this matter
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