摘要 :
Purpose. Comparative study of the melanin content in melanosomes and melanolipofuscin granules from cells of the retinal pigment epithelium of the human eye. Material and methods. The research and comparison of melanosomes and mel...
展开
Purpose. Comparative study of the melanin content in melanosomes and melanolipofuscin granules from cells of the retinal pigment epithelium of the human eye. Material and methods. The research and comparison of melanosomes and melanolipofuscin granules from cells of human retinal pigment epithelium was carried out by the method of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Results. It was shown that the EPR spectra in both types of melanin granules, including the main parameters, were similar and corresponded to the EPR spectra characteristic of natural eumelanins and synthetic DOPA-melanin. Conclusion. The results of study indicate that in melanolipofuscin granules as well as in melanosomes, the pigment melanin (eumelanin) is contained, as evidenced by the similarity of their paramagnetic properties. Melanin content in melanosomes is higher than in melanolipofuscin granules on average of one and a half times, which follows from the concentration of their paramagnetic centers per granule.
收起
摘要 :
Introduction. D?hoice of treatment tactics of postoperative endophthalmitis is an actual problem of ophthalmosurgery. Purpose. Estimation of efficasy of different methods of treatment of postoperative endophthalmitis (for example ...
展开
Introduction. D?hoice of treatment tactics of postoperative endophthalmitis is an actual problem of ophthalmosurgery. Purpose. Estimation of efficasy of different methods of treatment of postoperative endophthalmitis (for example experimental staphylococcus). Material and methods. 30 right eyes of 30 rabbits were operated (left eye was left for control) during experimental work. Phacoemulsification of lens was rendered in all rabbits as a first stage, at the end of the surgery 0.1 ml of staphylococcus epidermidis cells solution was injected intravitreally. In 16-18 hours signs of postoperative endophthalmitis on operated eyes of all the rabbits appeared. Then all the rabbits were divided randomly in 3 groups: 10 rabbits of the first group were treated surgically with intravitreal 1 mg vancomicin per 0.1 saline solution at the end of the surgery; 10 rabbits of the second group a?? vitrectomy with vitreous cavity replacement with saline and 1 mg vancomicin per 0.1????saline s.introduction; 10 rabbits of the third group a?? vitrectomy with vitreous cavity replacement with perftordecalin and 1 mg vancomicin per 0.1 saline s.introduction at the end of the surgery. Periods of control: 1st, 3rd,14th, 30th day after the surgery. The degree of inflammation reaction was estimated subjectively at biomicroscopy, objectively a?? quantitative determination of albumin flow in anterior chamber. Results. Treatment of the third group of rabbits was the most effective. Eyeballs of all rabbits were saved in this group. On the 14th day perftororganic compound was changed to 5700Cct silicon oil in 9 rabbits, perftordecalin was removed in 1 rabbit taking into consideration low eye inflammation reaction. In 4 rabbits of the second group there was no positive dynamics and eyeballs were lost up to 1 month. There was no positive effect of treatment in all rabbits of the first group, it was impossible to suppress inflammation completely in no case and eyeballs were lost up to 1 month. Conclusions. Taking into consideration the data vitrectomy surgery is necessary in severe cases of postoperative endophthalmitis. There is possibility to combine treatment with intravitral introduction of antibacterial medicine in case of tamponade of vitreal cavity with perftordecalin.
收起
摘要 :
Purpose . To study a resorption mechanism of fibrillar-structured drainage implants for glaucoma surgeries based on an experimental morphological investigation. Material and methods . The study was carried out in 24 chinchilla rab...
展开
Purpose . To study a resorption mechanism of fibrillar-structured drainage implants for glaucoma surgeries based on an experimental morphological investigation. Material and methods . The study was carried out in 24 chinchilla rabbits, which were divided into 3 groups of 8 animals in each. drainage implants made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) were implanted in rabbits from the group 1, drainage implants made of polyamide-6 in rabbits from the group 2, and drainage implants made of polylactide (PLA) in rabbits from the group 3. Postoperative inflammatory reaction was evaluated in the postoperative follow-up period. After the removal of the animals from the experiment the morphological investigation of their eyes was performed. Results . The eyeball inflammatory reaction to the implantation of polymeric material corresponded to the degree 0 during the entire followup period in the group 1. Histology showed a thin capsule formation at the edge of the drainage implant, containing a low amount of extracellular??matrix and a lot of cellular elements. In the group 2 the eyeball inflammatory reactions corresponded to the degree 1. Histologically, the fibrous structure of the drainage implant could hardly be observed, that indicates a diffuse resorption type. The whole structure of the drainage implant was permeated with large amount of cells: macrophages and multinuclear giants prevailed, fibroblasts were presented as well, fibrocytes, lymphocytes, newly formed collagen fibers between drainage implant fibers were also observed. In evaluation of results obtained during implantation of the polylactide matrix the eyeball inflammatory reaction corresponded to the degree 0. Histological examination showed that the implant retained its original position, was partially resorbed. Fibrous structure of the implant was retained, that indicated a superficial resorption type. A moderate accumulation of macrophages was determined among its fibers, isolated giants and lymphocytes were also presented. Conclusions . The drainage implant made of polylactide exhibit a superficial resorption type that is optimal for structure maintenance, local reaction reduction and better resorption level prognosis. The fibrillarstructured framework of the drainage implant along with superficial resorption type provides better conditions for aqueous humor flow. The experiment revealed no toxic effect of polylactide drainage implant on a rabbit eye.??
收起
摘要 :
Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) is the rare subtype of agerelated macular degeneration (AMD), which?? is hard to diagnose and it is resistant to standard anti-VEGF treatment of AMD. The morphological base of PCV?? is the p...
展开
Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) is the rare subtype of agerelated macular degeneration (AMD), which?? is hard to diagnose and it is resistant to standard anti-VEGF treatment of AMD. The morphological base of PCV?? is the pathology of choroid vessels with formation of expansions on their ends a?? polyps. This literature review presented a current?? conception of the prevalence, risk factors, pathogenesis, diagnostic techniques?? and?? the?? main treatment?? approaches?? of this disease.
收起
摘要 :
Purpose.?? To estimate an effectiveness of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in monotherapy or in combination with 0.01% sulfated glycosaminoglycans for the treatment of herpetic recurrent cornea erosion syndrome. Material and methods.??...
展开
Purpose.?? To estimate an effectiveness of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in monotherapy or in combination with 0.01% sulfated glycosaminoglycans for the treatment of herpetic recurrent cornea erosion syndrome. Material and methods.?? The study involved 60 patients. All patients had in anamnesis unilateral Herpetic keratitis, with the formation of a chronic corneal epithelialization disorder as an outcome. All of them had previously unsuccessful courses of reparative therapy. The first step of the treatment included local and systemic antiviral and reparative therapies. At the 2-nd step, the group 1 (30 patients) received the PRP therapy 6 times daily, the group 2 (30 patients) received the PRP therapy 6 times daily in the combination with instillations of 0.01% sulfated glycosaminoglycans (Balarpan-N) 4 times daily. The control group was the condition of the patients before the beginning of the PRP therapy. Results.?? The positive effect of the methods was demonstrated. Using PRP in monotherapy or in combination with 0.01% sulfated glycosaminoglycans showed an improvement in epithelialization. Conclusions.?? The comparative analysis with standard methods of therapy showed a positive dynamic of PRP treatment in patients with a previously ineffective therapy.
收起
摘要 :
Purpose. To evaluate the results of the combined treatment with intravitreal ranibizumab injection (IVR) followed by pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Material and methods. The ...
展开
Purpose. To evaluate the results of the combined treatment with intravitreal ranibizumab injection (IVR) followed by pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Material and methods. The study involved 69 patients with PDR had IVR followed by 23G PPV. The patients were divided into 3 subgroups: subgroup 1 a?? PPV 1 day after IVR, subgroup 2 a?? PPV 3 days after IVR, and subgroup 3 a?? PPV 5 or 7 days after IVR. The control group consisted of 23 patients operated on before the study started or patients who did not agree for anti-VEGF injection before vitrectomy. Results. The regression of the pathological vessels was observed in all the subgroups with IVR injection pretreatment. Six-months postvitrectomy a BCVA improvement was observed in the IVR groups in 87% of the patients and in 70% of the patients in the control group (p<0.203). Among the patients without renal failure the IVR groups had 4 times higher chances for the BCVA improvement than in the control group (p<0.133). After excluding the influence of the diabetes duration the odds became statistically significant (p<0.050) a?? over 10 times higher. Retinal detachment (RD) at the primary examination reduced the chance for BCVA improvement at 3 (p<0.020) and 6 (p<0.068) months postvitrectomy. Conclusions. IVR in patients with PDR cause pathological neovascularization regression, reduces intraoperative bleeding and increases the chances for BCVA improvement, especially in the groups with proper renal function and without any cardiovascular complications.
收起
摘要 :
Purpose. To evaluate the effectiveness of vitrectomy in combination with internal limiting membrane peeling associated with the gas-air tamponade of the vitreous cavity at the advanced stage of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. ...
展开
Purpose. To evaluate the effectiveness of vitrectomy in combination with internal limiting membrane peeling associated with the gas-air tamponade of the vitreous cavity at the advanced stage of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Material and methods. The study involved 52 patients (52 eyes) with diabetes mellitus of type 2, who underwent the vitreoretinal surgery with a preliminary antivasoproliferative therapy. In all cases, a traction syndrome was found only from the side of posterior hyaloid proliferative tissue with gliosis of degree II-III, without signs of an epiretinal membrane. In the first group of patients (n=28) the 27-Gauge vitrectomy was performed, with the removal of only posterior hyaloid proliferative tissue followed by a tamponade of the vitreous cavity with a gas-air mixture, and in the second group (n=24) a similar volume of vitreoretinal surgery combined with peeling of the internal limiting membrane was carried out. Results. In all patients, before the combined surgical treatment, the visual acuity averaged 0.06?±0.02. Before the treatment in patients of both groups according to optical coherence tomography the thickness of zone ??nerve fibers layer a?? internal limiting membrane?? in the macular area averaged 25.38?±3.11??m, in the fovea and parafovea a?? 457.41?±36??m and 701.51?±24??m, respectively. The mean value of the optical density of the macular pigment before the treatment was 0.094?±0.01 du. After the performed vitreoretinal intervention, the visual acuity in patients of the group 1 improved up to 0.10?±0.02 (p<0.05), in the group 2 a?? up to 0.25?±0.05 (??1-2><0.05). Six months after vitrectomy, the thickness of zone ??nerve fibers layer a?? internal limiting membrane?? in the macular area in patients of the group 1 increased 1.6 times (p><0.05), due to the formation of a secondary epiretinal membrane, which occurred in >< 0.05), in the group 2 a?? up to 0.25?±0.05 (??1-2<0.05). Six months after vitrectomy, the thickness of zone ??nerve fibers layer a?? internal limiting membrane?? in the macular area in patients of the group 1 increased 1.6 times (p><0.05), due to the formation of a secondary epiretinal membrane, which occurred in >< 0.05). Six months after vitrectomy, the thickness of zone ??nerve fibers layer a?? internal limiting membrane?? in the macular area in patients of the group 1 increased 1.6 times (p< 0.05), due to the formation of a secondary epiretinal membrane, which occurred in 39.2% cases (11/28), 54.5% of cases (6/11) showed traction macular edema, and diabetic macular edema (without epiretinal membrane) was detercted in 28.5% of cases (8/28). In the group 2 of patients, the ??nerve fibers layer?? zone decreased by 1.5 times (??1-2<0.05), the epiretinal membrane and the traction macular edema were not diagnosed in any case (0/24), but 5 patients (20.8%) had diabetic macular edema (5/24). >< 0.05), the epiretinal membrane and the traction macular edema were not diagnosed in any case (0/24), but 5 patients (20.8%) had diabetic macular edema (5/24). ??According to the data of optical coherence tomography, the thickness of the retina in the fovea and parafovea after the combined surgical treatment in patients of the group 1 averaged 212.49?±36??m and 365.74?±28??m, in the group 2 a?? 190.11?±24??m and 334.18?±21??m, respectively (??1-2<0.05). The average value of macular pigment optical density after treatment was 0.109?±0.01 du in the group 1 and 0.122 ?± >< 0.05). The average value of macular pigment optical density after treatment was 0.109?±0.01 du in the group 1 and 0.122 ?± 0.01 du in the group 2.?? Conclusion. Vitrectomy combined with peeling of the inner limiting membrane in patients with advanced proliferative diabetic retinopathy contributes to obtain a higher visual acuity minimizing a risk of secondary epiretinal membrane and diabetic m
收起
摘要 :
Purpose. The aim of this study was to evaluate the method of intavitreal injections and its technique used for intravitreal injection procedure as well as possible intra- and post-injection complications and approaches used for th...
展开
Purpose. The aim of this study was to evaluate the method of intavitreal injections and its technique used for intravitreal injection procedure as well as possible intra- and post-injection complications and approaches used for their prevention. Material and methods. The article reports own clinical practice experience and comprehensive review of Russian and foreign trials assessing intravitreal injection technique and possible intra- and postinjection complications. Results. The intravitreal injection technique is simple to perform in clinical practice. Rate of injection associated complications is low and generally is related to accidental violations of the injection procedure technique. Complications are mostly associated with the use of drugs not licensed for intravitreal injection and/or aseptic condition violation. Rational antibiotic use during intravitreal injection procedure implies adequate evaluation of topical antibiotic requirement. Conclusions. An extensive literature search supposes that local asepsis, but not use of topical antibiotics is essential for prophylaxis of injection-associated complication. ??
收起
