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In recent decades, firms increasingly engage in green innovation activities to address the bourgeoning environmental crisis. Despite the importance of green innovation in determining firms' competitive advantages, few studies exam...
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In recent decades, firms increasingly engage in green innovation activities to address the bourgeoning environmental crisis. Despite the importance of green innovation in determining firms' competitive advantages, few studies examine its effect on brand equity. By drawing on green innovation literature and institutional theory, this study examines the effects of green product innovation and green process innovation on brand equity, as well as the moderating role of industrial institutional environments. An empirical test of cross-sectional panel data collected from various archival sources from China confirms the positive impact of green innovation on brand equity and the contingent role of industrial institutions, including regulation intensity, industry innovation speed, and pollution intensity. The study thus provides important theoretical and managerial implications.
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At present, ResNet and DenseNet have achieved significant performance gains in the field of finger-vein biometric recognition, which is partially attributed to the dominant design of cross-layer skip connection. In this manner, fe...
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At present, ResNet and DenseNet have achieved significant performance gains in the field of finger-vein biometric recognition, which is partially attributed to the dominant design of cross-layer skip connection. In this manner, features from multiple layers can be effectively aggregated to provide sufficient discriminant representation. Nevertheless, an over-dense connection pattern may induce channel expansion of feature maps and excessive memory consumption. To address these issues, we proposed a low memory overhead and fairly lightweight network architecture for finger-vein recognition. The core components of the proposed network are a sequence of sparsified densely connected blocks with symmetric structure. In each block, a novel connection cropping strategy is adopted to balance the channel ratio of input/output feature maps. Beyond this, to facilitate smaller model volume and faster convergence, we substitute the standard convolutional kernels with separable convolutional kernels and introduce a robust loss metric that is defined on the geodesic distance of angular space. Our proposed sparsified densely connected network with separable convolution (hereinafter dubbed ‘SC-SDCN’) has been tested on two benchmark finger-vein datasets, including the Multimedia Lab of Chonbuk National University (MMCBNU)and Finger Vein of Universiti Sains Malaysia (FV-USM), and the advantages of our SC-SDCN can be evident from the experimental results. Specifically, an equal error rate (EER) of 0.01% and an accuracy of 99.98% are obtained on the MMCBNU dataset, and an EER of 0.45% and an accuracy of 99.74% are obtained on the FV-USM dataset.
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Purpose Drawing on the literature of eco-innovation and institutional theory, this research aims to answer two fundamental questions: Does eco-innovation improve or harm firm value in emerging markets? and How institutional enviro...
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Purpose Drawing on the literature of eco-innovation and institutional theory, this research aims to answer two fundamental questions: Does eco-innovation improve or harm firm value in emerging markets? and How institutional environments moderate the relationship between eco-innovation and firm value? We explicate the regulatory, normative and cognitive pillars of institutions, manifested as regulation intensity, environmental agency pressure and public pressure, respectively. Design/methodology/approach For this study, a cross-sectional panel data set was assembled from multiple archival sources, including data coded from the corporate annual reports and social responsibility reports, statistical yearbooks, China Stock Market Financial Database (CSMAR) and other secondary sources. A hierarchical regression method was used to test the hypotheses. The data comprised 88 firms sampled over four years. The model using feasible generalized least squares (FGLSs) to control heteroscedasticity in errors due to unobserved heterogeneity was estimated. Findings Empirical findings from a data set compiled from multiple archival sources reveal that both eco-product and eco-process innovation negatively relate to firm value. The interactions between eco-innovation and regulation intensity, environmental agency pressure and public pressure are positively related to firm value. Originality/value First, this study extends the literature of eco-innovation by investigating the impact of eco-innovation on firm value. Contrary to the conventional anecdotal evidence of the beneficial effect of eco-innovation, it was found that eco-innovation relates negatively to firm value. Second, this study develops and tests an institutional contingent view of eco-innovation by accounting for the moderating role of regulatory, normative and cognitive pressures.
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Critical pitting criteria of S44660 are investigated in chloride or bromide solution. The more aggressive Cl- does not lead to lower Eb values in all temperature ranges. The Eb-T curves reveal that the pitting behavior with temper...
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Critical pitting criteria of S44660 are investigated in chloride or bromide solution. The more aggressive Cl- does not lead to lower Eb values in all temperature ranges. The Eb-T curves reveal that the pitting behavior with temperature can be divided into transpassivation, transition, and pitting region. The transition region, in which pitting is induced by transpassivation, is verified by potentiostatic tests. The much wider transition region in bromide solution is attributed to the weakened repassivation ability caused by the interaction between Br- and Mo, which indicates that pitting is more prone to occur in bromide solution at a lower temperature.
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Bufo gargarizans is one kind of economic animals with higher medicinal value in China. In this study, B. gargarizans (Bufo gargarizans) tadpoles were reared at three different water temperature (15, 22 and 29 degrees C) from Gosne...
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Bufo gargarizans is one kind of economic animals with higher medicinal value in China. In this study, B. gargarizans (Bufo gargarizans) tadpoles were reared at three different water temperature (15, 22 and 29 degrees C) from Gosner stages 28-46. We investigated the effects of temperature on growth, development, survival, metamorphic duration, size and skeletal ossification at Gosner stage 40, 42, and 46, as well as thyroid tissue reached metamorphic climax (Gs42). Besides, we examined the transcription levels of endochondral ossificationrelated genes in hind limb at metamorphic climax (Gs42). Our results showed that the growth and development of tadpoles conform to the temperature-size rule (TSR). While warm temperature resulted in the decrease in body size and hind limb length, and shorten larval period, cold temperature led to increase in body size and hind limb length but prolonged larval period. Histological examinations revealed that warm and cold temperatures caused damage to thyroid tissue. Also, warm and cold temperatures inhibited the degree of ossification with the double staining methodology. Additionally, the real-time PCR results suggested that warm and cold temperatures significantly up-regulated Runx2, VEGF and VEGFR mRNA levels, and down-regulated TR beta, MMP9, MMP13 and Runx3 mRNA levels. The up-regulation of Dio2 level and down-regulation of Dio3 level were observed in warm temperature. TR alpha mRNA level was significantly increased in warm temperature, but decreased in cold temperature. Collectively, these observations demonstrated that warm and cold temperatures affected endochondral ossification in B. gargarizans tadpoles, which might influence their capacity to terrestrial locomotion.
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Background Recent studies suggest that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and exposure therapies have been used to reduced footshock-induced posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. However, the therapeutic effe...
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Background Recent studies suggest that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and exposure therapies have been used to reduced footshock-induced posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. However, the therapeutic effect of the combination of SSRIs treatment with exposure therapy remains a matter of debate. This study aimed to evaluate these therapeutic effect through the behavioural and the neuroimaging changes by positron emission tomography (PET) in model rats. Methods Pavlovian fear conditioning paradigm to establish model rats, and serial PET imaging with 2-deoxy-2-[F-18]fluoro-D-glucose ([F-18]FDG) was performed during the control, fear-conditioning, and extinction-retrieval phases. The expression of c-Fos was used to identify neural activity. Results We report that fear conditioning increased glucose metabolism in the right amygdala and left primary visual cortex but decreased glucose metabolism in the left primary somatosensory cortex. After extinction retrieval, there was increased [F-18]FDG uptake in the left striatum, left cochlear nucleus and right primary visual cortex but decreased uptake in the anterior cingulate cortex in the extinction group. Fluoxetine increased [F-18]FDG uptake in the left hippocampus and right primary visual cortex but decreased uptake in the bilateral primary somatosensory cortex, left primary/secondary motor cortex and cuneiform nucleus. The combined therapy increased [F-18]FDG uptake in the left hippocampus, left striatum, right insular cortex, left posterior parietal cortex, and right secondary visual cortex but reduced uptake in the cerebellar lobule. c-Fos expression in the hippocampal dentate gyrus and anterior cingulate cortex in the fluoxetine and combined groups was significantly higher than that in the extinction group, with no significant difference between the two groups. Conclusions Chronic fluoxetine enhanced the effects of extinction training in a rat model of PTSD. In vivo PET imaging may provide a promising approach for evaluation chronic fluoxetine treatment of PTSD.
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Microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) is closely associated with the metabolism of microorganisms, and organic nitrogen sources (ONS) are some of the key nutrients for bacterial metabolism. However, the influence of the amo...
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Microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) is closely associated with the metabolism of microorganisms, and organic nitrogen sources (ONS) are some of the key nutrients for bacterial metabolism. However, the influence of the amount of ONS on MIC and the corresponding mechanisms involved are still elusive. In this study, the MIC behavior of aluminum alloy 6061 in aqueous media with different amounts of ONS was investigated. Microbial activity and metabolism, which influenced the environment, were analyzed by optical density, pH, and NH4+ ion concentration. Pitting corrosion was analyzed by scanning electronic microscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Bacillus aerius inhibited the development of pitting corrosion in aluminum alloy 6061 because of the NH4+ and NH3 center dot H2O in their metabolites, which provided a pH buffering effect that suppressed the autocatalysis alkalinization around intermetallic inclusions. The inhibitory effect was positively correlated with microbial activity. Therefore, a higher concentration of ONS contributed to the inhibition of pitting corrosion because ONS was beneficial to the propagation and proliferation of bacteria.
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A novel CeO2/MgAl2O4 composite coating, fabricated via a cathode plasma electrolytic deposition (CPED) technique followed by hydrothermal synthesis, was developed in this study to explore its potential application as corrosion pro...
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A novel CeO2/MgAl2O4 composite coating, fabricated via a cathode plasma electrolytic deposition (CPED) technique followed by hydrothermal synthesis, was developed in this study to explore its potential application as corrosion protection for AZ31 magnesium alloys. The microstructure observed through scanning electron microscopy indicated that reducing the duty cycle of the power source within a reasonable range during the CPED process was beneficial to form a uniform and dense MgAl2O4 coating, which served as an ideal adhesive matrix for a uniform CeO2 coating as the outermost layer. The results of electrochemical impedance spectra and neutral salt spray tests showed that the decoration of the CeO2 layer significantly improved the corrosion resistance of the CeO2/MgAl2O4 composite coating compared to the single MgAl2O4 coating and bare substrate. Cross-cut tests revealed that the adhesion of the MgAl2O4 coating and the CeO2/MgAl2O4 composite coating were both excellent due to the strong binding between the MgAl2O4 coating and the substrate.
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Chromium is detrimental heavy metal pollutants and can enter and affect aquatic organisms. In our experiment, B. gargarizans embryos were chronically exposed in different concentrations of Cr (VI) (0, 13, 104, and 416 pg Cr6+ L-1)...
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Chromium is detrimental heavy metal pollutants and can enter and affect aquatic organisms. In our experiment, B. gargarizans embryos were chronically exposed in different concentrations of Cr (VI) (0, 13, 104, and 416 pg Cr6+ L-1) until reached Gosner stage 38. We measured morphological parameters of the body and intestine of B. gargarizans tadpoles, and examined alteration of intestinal tissue. Furthermore, we analyzed the intestinal microbial community of B. gargarizans tadpoles using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Our research demonstrated that Cr (VI) exposure caused alteration of intestinal tissue structure in 416 mu g Cr6+ L-1 treatment groups. Total body length, body wet weight, intestinal length and wet weight of B. gargarizans tadpoles were significantly declined at 416 mu g Cr6+ L. In addition, 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that Cr (VI) exposure significantly altered the intestinal microbiota diversity and composition, and perturbed the community structure of the microbiota. As for the intestinal microbiota, at the phylum level, Fusobacteria significantly changed in all Cr (VI) treated groups. Saccharibacteria and TM6_Dependentiae were detected only in the high dose exposure groups. At the genus level, Aeromonas was significantly decreased in Cr (VI) treated groups. According to the results of functional prediction, Cr (VI) exposure affected metabolism and increased risk of disease by inducing the alterations of intestinal microbiota structure. Taken together, the present study provide a new framework elucidating the toxic effects Cr (VI) exposure on B. gargarizans tadpoles associated with intestinal histology and microbiota. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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BACKGROUNDThe litchi fruit borer, Conopomorpha sinensis Bradley, is one of the most destructive pests of litchi and longan fruits in south-east Asia and southern China, yet the molecular biology and physiology of this pest remain ...
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BACKGROUNDThe litchi fruit borer, Conopomorpha sinensis Bradley, is one of the most destructive pests of litchi and longan fruits in south-east Asia and southern China, yet the molecular biology and physiology of this pest remain poorly understood. Control of this insect pest may be achieved by interfering with its recognition of host plants.
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