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A high input impedance OTA-C universal biquad filter configuration ispresented in this paper. The circuit uses three OTAs and two capacitors.The circuit is capable of realizing all standard filter transfer function, i.e.low pass h...
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A high input impedance OTA-C universal biquad filter configuration ispresented in this paper. The circuit uses three OTAs and two capacitors.The circuit is capable of realizing all standard filter transfer function, i.e.low pass high pass, band pass, notch and all pass filters. The circuit has theattractive features of wide range electronic tunability of its pole frequency,bandwidth and pole Q. In addition, the circuit enjoys excellent sensitivityperformance. The proposed circuit has no requirement for componentmatching conditions except for low pass filter.
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Harmonic broadcasting was introduced by Juhn and Tseng in 1997 as a way to reduce the bandwidth requirements required for video-on-demand broadcasting. In this article, we note that harmonic broadcasting is actually a special case...
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Harmonic broadcasting was introduced by Juhn and Tseng in 1997 as a way to reduce the bandwidth requirements required for video-on-demand broadcasting. In this article, we note that harmonic broadcasting is actually a special case of the priority encoded transmission scheme introduced by Albanese et al. in 1996, and prove-using an information theoretic argument-that it is impossible to achieve the design goals of harmonic broadcasting using a shorter encoding. (c) 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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With the popularity of video broadcasting service on Internet, many significant broadcasting schemes were proposed to reduce the clients' waiting time. These schemes mostly require clients to receive video segments altogether from...
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With the popularity of video broadcasting service on Internet, many significant broadcasting schemes were proposed to reduce the clients' waiting time. These schemes mostly require clients to receive video segments altogether from all channels. As a result, clients with limited bandwidth, such as XDSL, cannot enjoy video-broadcasting services. To overcome this problem, this work proposes the adjustable interleaving staircase-harmonic broadcasting scheme (AISHB), which offers a tradeoff between any two of three resources: server bandwidth, client buffer spaces, and client bandwidth. When client bandwidth is not limited, the scheme requires a client to buffer only 25% of a playing video and the waiting time is slightly higher than the optimal waiting time. In comparison with the fast broadcasting, recursive frequency-splitting, and harmonic broadcasting, AISHB saves the buffer requirements by 50%, 33%, and 33%. If client bandwidth is restricted, AISHB achieves the smallest waiting time among all currently known broadcasting schemes.
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There is an unavoidable tradeoff between the control performance and the quality of service in networked control systems with resource constraints. To address the impact of network resources availability on requirement of bandwidt...
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There is an unavoidable tradeoff between the control performance and the quality of service in networked control systems with resource constraints. To address the impact of network resources availability on requirement of bandwidth (RoB) and quality of control (QoC), an intelligent control approach to dynamic bandwidth management, namely fuzzy bandwidth management, is proposed based on fuzzy logic control technique. In order to guarantee the system's stability, the lower and upper bound of the assignable bandwidth are evaluated in terms of linear matrix inequalities and the resource constraints, respectively. In addition, the normalizable criterions of QoC and RoB are also defined, which can estimate the performance of the whole networked control systems. Preliminary simulations are carried out to highlight the merits of the proposed approach. It is argued that the proposed approach can save significant bandwidth and simultaneously improve overall control performance in comparison with the fixed bandwidth allocation and optimal bandwidth allocation.
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Network technologies and media services provide ubiquitous conveniences for individuals and organizations to gather and process the images in multimedia networks Image compression is the major challenge in storage and bandwidth re...
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Network technologies and media services provide ubiquitous conveniences for individuals and organizations to gather and process the images in multimedia networks Image compression is the major challenge in storage and bandwidth requirements. A good strategy of image compression gives a better solution for high compression rate without much reducing the quality of the image. In present paper we proposed a simple and effective Method by filtering the image as a preprocessing step and adaptive block size in Block truncation coding at the encoding stage. The results are appealing for finding optimal block size when compare to the JPEG2000 standard.
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The authors have proposed Wireless Base Node Repeater Network to realize flexible and cost-effective pico/micro cellular environments. In the system, each base node has wireless repeater function with directional antennas. Routing...
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The authors have proposed Wireless Base Node Repeater Network to realize flexible and cost-effective pico/micro cellular environments. In the system, each base node has wireless repeater function with directional antennas. Routing paths are adaptively made in a multi-hopping fashion by a minimum path loss routing method. This paper evaluates frequency bandwidth required for the repeater lines in order to clarity feasibility of the proposed network. The results show that the minimum path loss routing is effective in terms of bandwidth consumption, three directional antennas are enough for respective nodes, and a cell radius of below 110m needs less bandwidth than that of a 3G system, while offering 10 times the capacity.
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The authors have proposed Wireless Base Node Repeater Network to realize flexible and cost-effective pico/micro cellular environments. In the system, each base node has wireless repeater function with directional antennas. Routing...
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The authors have proposed Wireless Base Node Repeater Network to realize flexible and cost-effective pico/micro cellular environments. In the system, each base node has wireless repeater function with directional antennas. Routing paths are adaptively made in a multi-hopping fashion by a minimum path loss routing method. This paper evaluates frequency bandwidth required for the repeater lines in order to clarity feasibility of the proposed network. The results show that the minimum path loss routing is effective in terms of bandwidth consumption, three directional antennas are enough for respective nodes, and a cell radius of below 110m needs less bandwidth than that of a 3G system, while offering 10 times the capacity.
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This paper assesses the performance of dual header pulse interval modulation (DH-PIM) over indoor optical wireless systems DH-PIM being anisochronous scheme offers a built-in symbol synchroni/ation capability. Theoretical and simu...
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This paper assesses the performance of dual header pulse interval modulation (DH-PIM) over indoor optical wireless systems DH-PIM being anisochronous scheme offers a built-in symbol synchroni/ation capability. Theoretical and simulation results demonstrate that DH-PIM offers shorter symbol length, improved transmission rate and bandwidth requirement and a comparable power spectral density profile compared with digital pulse interval modulation (DPIM) and pulse position modulation (PPM) schemes. It is shown that DH-PIM_2, with wider pulse duration is the preferred option when the available channel bandwidth is limited and higher optical power is tolerable. Whereas DH-PIM_1, with narrower pulse width, exhibits comparable power requirements but a marginally higher bandwidth compared with DPIM, and is also more bandwidth efficient than PPM at the cost of increased power requirement. However, at higher bit resolutions, i.e. M ≥ 7, DH-PIM_1 is both bandwidth and power efficient compared with PPM. Error rate analysis show that DH-PIM offers improved packet error rate compared with on-off-keying (OOK) and DPIM, but marginally inferior as compared with PPM. The power requirement and penally due to intersymbol interference for non-dispersive and dispersive channels is analysed and the results show that for given parameters, DH-PIM requires marginally higher optical power compared with PPM and DPIM. but it supports the same bit rate at much less bandwidth requirement.
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With the growing number of human and machine devices in IoT (Internet of Things), ubiquitous network connection and traffic classification become more essential. The LTE/LTE-A system, proposed by 3GPP, is a solution. An evolved No...
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With the growing number of human and machine devices in IoT (Internet of Things), ubiquitous network connection and traffic classification become more essential. The LTE/LTE-A system, proposed by 3GPP, is a solution. An evolved NodeB (eNB) in LTE/LTE-A system encounters the challenge of allocating the radio resource to meet different QoS (Quality of Service) requirements for multiple traffic classes. QCI (QoS Class Identifier) is defined to specify the QoS characteristics of user data in LTE/LTE-A networks. This paper proposes a packet scheduling algorithm with minimum-bandwidth provisions (PSMP) over LTE/LTE-A downlink. The PSMP scheme can calculate the minimum-bandwidth requirements for GBR (Guaranteed Bit Rate) and NGBR (non-GBR) traffic according to their associated packet delay constraint and packet loss ratio, respectively. Due to beginning with the minimum-bandwidth allocation by referring to QCIs, the proposed PSMP scheme not only can satisfy the delay constraint for real-time traffic, but also can alleviate non-real-time traffic starvation problem. The simulation results show our proposed PSMP scheme outperforms the previous works in the packet delay of GBR traffic and the throughput of NGBR traffic. As to VoIP service, the PSMP scheme can reduce L1/L2 control overhead to improve the network performance by alternatively adopting the semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) scheme.
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Recent works show that the integration of layered media multicast with network coding can significantly improve the throughput of media distribution over the networks where there are a large number oi receivers with heterogeneous ...
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Recent works show that the integration of layered media multicast with network coding can significantly improve the throughput of media distribution over the networks where there are a large number oi receivers with heterogeneous reception capacities. However, because of stringent bandwidth and delay requirements arising in the applications of media delivery over bandwidth limited networks, it is very important to support guaranteed bandwidth and delay requirements for the receivers. Different from all the related works on increasing the throughput, this paper firstly studies the problem of minimizing' the transmission delay in layered multicast using network coding while supporting the guaranteed bandwidth requirements of the receivers. In this paper, we firstly give the mathematical formulation for the problem, and then because the problem is NP-hard, we give an effective heuristic approach, which achieves low transmission delay with high bandwidth, to solve it. The simulation results demonstrate that our heuristic approach can greatly reduce the transmission delay while supporting high bandwidth requirements in layered multicast with network coding.
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