The two World Area Forecast Centres (WAFC) are responsible for issuing global gridded forecasts of in‐flight icing to the aviation community. These forecasts are vital for flight planning and safety; therefore, the perfor
The two World Area Forecast Centres (WAFC) are responsible for issuing global gridded forecasts of in‐flight icing to the aviation community. These forecasts are vital for flight planning and safety; therefore, the performance of these forecasts needs to be assessed and improvements made where necessary. New satellite instruments can detect additional information about cloud properties to then identify areas conducive to icing. At the Met Office, data from multiple geostationary satellites are combined to produce a gridded satellite icing potential product with coverage over Europe, Asia and Australasia. Recent satellite launches will give near‐global coverage of these observations. The present paper details an objective verification framework to routinely verify icing potential forecasts using the satellite‐inferred icing product as a source of truth data. To allow a fair comparison, the best method to appropriately match the forecast and truth data is investigated. This methodology includes processing the multilevel forecasts into a single field to best replicate the satellite observations and producing a time window of maximum icing potential observations to allow temporal flexing in the verification. Verification results of the mean icing forecasts issued by WAFC London are presented for the 12‐month period March 2016–February 2017 in order to illustrate how this methodology has been used.
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The two World Area Forecast Centres (WAFC) are responsible for providing aviation hazard forecasts above 800 hPa (6000 ft) including clear air turbulence (CAT) to aviation customers around the world. A new automated gridded foreca...
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The two World Area Forecast Centres (WAFC) are responsible for providing aviation hazard forecasts above 800 hPa (6000 ft) including clear air turbulence (CAT) to aviation customers around the world. A new automated gridded forecast for CAT is now being produced by the two WAFCs along with the traditional forecaster-produced Significant Weather (SIGWX) charts. Until now little objective verification has been available for the WAFC products. However, the increasing availability of high-resolution in situ aircraft observations now makes routine objective verification a possibility. The Global Aircraft Data Set (GADS) formed from the fleet of British Airways Boeing 747-400 aircraft is a particularly useful resource. This paper proposes an objective verification scheme using Relative Operating Characteristic analysis to investigate the skill in both the operational SIGWX and new gridded CAT forecasts from both WAFC London and WAFC Washington. Global verification results using GADS data are presented for 4 months during winter November 2008 to February 2009.
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Despite the huge burden of domestic work on women in Japan, its effects on their health have been poorly investigated. We aimed to assess the association between domestic work stress and self-rated psychological health among women...
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Despite the huge burden of domestic work on women in Japan, its effects on their health have been poorly investigated. We aimed to assess the association between domestic work stress and self-rated psychological health among women. We conducted a cross-sectional survey using an online social research panel in February 2018. Participants were 2,000 women with paid work (the “workers” group) and 1,000 women without paid work (the “homemakers” group), aged between 25 and 59?years old and living with a partner. Self-rated psychological health (Mental Health and Vitality scales of the Japanese SF-36), occupational and domestic work stress (the Brief Job Stress Questionnaire), the 10-item Work–Family Conflict Scale, and sociodemographic factors were assessed. The workers had lower domestic job control and higher support from a partner and their parents than the homemakers (p < 0.001), whereas domestic job demand and psychological health were similar between the groups. After adjustment for the covariates using multiple linear regression models, better psychological health was significantly associated with lower domestic job demand, higher domestic job control, and having a young child in both groups. In addition, work–family conflicts and occupational job stress among the workers and caregiving among the homemakers showed negative associations with psychological health. Self-rated psychological health in women was associated with domestic work stress regardless of employment status. To promote women’s health, we need to take into account the effects of domestic work, work–family conflicts, and social support from families, as well as occupational factors.
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While there a number of measures to assess work-family conflict already exist, there are no well-validated measures exist for clinical use with Chinese parents. This study sought to validate a Chinese version of the work and famil...
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While there a number of measures to assess work-family conflict already exist, there are no well-validated measures exist for clinical use with Chinese parents. This study sought to validate a Chinese version of the work and family conflict scale (WAFCS), a brief 10-item scale developed for clinical and research use with parents. Relying on a sample of 447 Chinese parents in Hong Kong, this study examined the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the WAFCS. Results showed that a two-factor model, similar to that of the original scale, fit the data well. The scale had concurrent and discriminant validity, while the scale's measurement invariance across gender and its internal consistency were also supported. Such robust psychometric properties suggest that the WAFCS is a promising tool that can be applied in a variety of research and clinical settings to examine work-family conflict experienced by Chinese parents.
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