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The Cultural Heritage experience at the museum begins before the actual on-site visit and continues with memories and reflections after the visit. In considering the potential of novel information and communication technology to e...
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The Cultural Heritage experience at the museum begins before the actual on-site visit and continues with memories and reflections after the visit. In considering the potential of novel information and communication technology to enhance the entire visit experience, one scenario envisioned is extending the on-site visit boundaries, to help the visitors access information concerning exhibits that are of primary interest to them during pre-visit planning, provide relevant information to the visitors during the visit, and follow up with post visit memories and reflections. All this can be done by using today's state of the art mobile and web-based applications, as well as any new foreseeable emerging technology. So far, research on applying novel information and communication technology in the cultural heritage domain has focused primarily on exploring specific aspects of the technology and its capability for supporting the individual visitor mainly during the physical, on-site, visit (and in some cases in additional specific phases such as prior or after the visit). This paper suggests a novel, integrative framework for supporting the pre, during and post visit phases in a personalized manner. It is based on a set of standard, common models: a visitor model, a site model and a visit model, all enable a large variety of services to store, update and reuse data during the three phases of the visit. Our contribution is presenting a framework architecture with its underlying infrastructure, and showing in a case study how this framework supports the various visit phases in an actual museum. The suggested framework is generic; it is not limited to a specific setting or scenario and it is open and can be easily adopted and used by practitioners and researchers to be implemented in different sites and settings. As such, it provides a further step in extending the cultural heritage experience beyond the on-site visit and towards linking individual episodes into complete, memorable personal experiences.
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The aim of this research is to investigate the interplay of tourists, nature, learning and memorable yet sustainable wildlife experiences in order to understand how, why, and where learning occurs during a tour, and what may hinde...
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The aim of this research is to investigate the interplay of tourists, nature, learning and memorable yet sustainable wildlife experiences in order to understand how, why, and where learning occurs during a tour, and what may hinder the learning process experienced. Participant observation and interviews of 67 tours and 122 interviews over a three-year period using Critical Incident Technique and narrative methods to identify the 10 case studies used in this paper. Interviews covered visitors and guides and thematic analysis was used to identify three main themes and ten sub-themes. These led to the development of a model of learning opportunities through wildlife tours. The model situates visitor experience in terms of the temporal nature of the wildlife tour and four key zones that impact on the ability of visitors to learn during their tour - zones of infrastructure and services; Guide-Visitor-Interaction; perceived constraints and interaction with wildlife. Learning, experiencing, reinforcement or stasis are the four states connected to the experiential outcomes of interpretation. The findings demonstrate the complexity involved in how visitors cognitively interpret, evaluate, and appraise their tour experiences and confirm the need to use an approach that captures the dynamic nature of tourist experiences.
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摘要 :AbstractCurrent technology offers a variety of ways for context-aware information delivery to mobile users. The most challenging aspect, however, is to determine what the user is interested in. The user’s position is the best ava...
展开AbstractCurrent technology offers a variety of ways for context-aware information delivery to mobile users. The most challenging aspect, however, is to determine what the user is interested in. The user’s position is the best available hint, but if we know what the user is looking at and what his or her gazing profile is, we can narrow down the possibly relevant objects of interest. With the advent of mobile and ubiquitous computing, it is time to explore the potential of mobile eye tracking technology for natural, intelligent interactions between users and their smart environment, not only for specific tasks, but also for the more ambitious goal of integrating eye tracking into the process of inferring mobile users’ interests, for the purpose of providing them with relevant services, a research area that has received little attention so far.In this work, we examine the potential of integrating a mobile eye tracker, as a natural interaction device, into an audio guide system for museum visitors. Using it as a pointing device enables the system to reason unobtrusively about the user’s focus of attention and to deliver relevant information about it as needed. To realize this goal, we integrated an image-matching based technique for indoor positioning and an eye-gaze detection technique to identify the user’s focus of attention into two different versions of a mobile audio guide: (1) a proactive version that delivers information automatically whenever user interest is detected, and (2) a reactive version that notifies the user about the availability of this information, thus giving the user more control over information delivery. Furthermore, we developed a conventional museum visitors’ mobile guide system using a smartphone and low-energy Bluetooth beacons for positioning; this guide was used as a reference system.The three museum visitors’ guides were evaluated in realistic settings at the Hecht11http://mushecht.haifa.ac.il/Default_eng.aspx.Museum, a small museum, located at the University of Haifa that has both archeological and art collections. The experimental evaluation compared the contribution of the three versions of the audio guide to the visit experience. The results showed that the mobile eye tracking technology, although unfamiliar, and perhaps even immature, was accepted by the participants. The mobile eye tracker audio guide was perceived as preferable to the conventional museum mobile guide, especially with regard to learning during the visit. Furthermore, with regard to proactivity in context-aware systems, the results showed that the participants like to be in control, and that most of them preferred the reactive version of the mobile eye tracker audio guide over the proactive one.Highlights•Analysis and examination of the potential use of mobile eye tracker in a museum is presented.•A mobile museum visitors guide that uses a mobile eye tracker as a pointing device is described.•A user study comparing the use of a museum visitors guide that uses an eye tracker and a conventional one is presented.收起
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This work presents the results of a study of the radon levels in four caves in Mexico: Los Riscos Cave and El Judío Cave in the State of Querétaro, and Coyozochico Cave and Karmidas Cave in the State of Puebla. The measurements ...
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This work presents the results of a study of the radon levels in four caves in Mexico: Los Riscos Cave and El Judío Cave in the State of Querétaro, and Coyozochico Cave and Karmidas Cave in the State of Puebla. The measurements were made using the passive closed-end cup system, with CR-39 (Lantrack~?) as detection material, and following protocols established for the measurement of indoor radon, developed at the Dosimetry Applications Project of the Physics Institute of the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. The radon concentration at one location with Karmidas Cave reached more than 60,000 Bq/m~3, while concentrations in the other three caves varied from 83.1-1216.0 Bq/m~3, was found. During the study was observed an interesting coincidence between the radon concentration distribution inside the caves, and the bat colonies location. In general, the bat colonies are located at the medium or low radon concentration levels zones.
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PurposeDestination management organizations deliver travel-related information through visitor guides to build destination awareness and attract potential tourists. Therefore, this research aims to investigate how people read such...
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PurposeDestination management organizations deliver travel-related information through visitor guides to build destination awareness and attract potential tourists. Therefore, this research aims to investigate how people read such a guide, understand their attitudes and to provide recommendations on enhancing its design.Design/methodology/approachThis research used eye-tracking technology in tandem with surveys and in-depth interviews. Eye-tracking technology uncovered the elements of a visitor guide that attracted particular attention, whereas surveys and interviews provided deeper insights into people's attitudes toward them.FindingsPeople do not spend attention equally on each page of a visitor guide. Instead, they look at the reference points (i.e. photo credits, photos, headings and bolded words) and then read the adjacent areas if the information triggers their interest. The characteristics of the attractive components of a visitor guide were discussed and suggestions on designing a more appealing guide were provided.Research limitations/implications - The triangulated approach not only generated objective and insightful results but also enhanced research validity. This exploratory sequential mixed method can usefully be applied to test other stimuli and assess attention.Practical implications - To be deemed appealing, a visitor guide should avoid ads unrelated to the destination, include more photos, use the list format and bolded words, add stories or selected comments from social media and provide well-designed maps.Originality/valueThis research fills a gap in the literature by using a triangulated approach including eye-tracking, survey and interviews to examine a 68-page visitor guide. The concept of reference-point reading behavior is proposed. Practical implications are discussed to improve the design of a visitor guide.
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Using structural equation modeling, this study investigates how tour guide performance influences visitors' sustainable behavior at cultural heritage sites by examining the mediating effects of visitor experience and satisfaction....
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Using structural equation modeling, this study investigates how tour guide performance influences visitors' sustainable behavior at cultural heritage sites by examining the mediating effects of visitor experience and satisfaction. The structural model was tested on a sample of 390 visitors at Petra Archaeological Park in Jordan. Tour guide performance was found to have a significant direct and indirect effects in enhancing visitor sustainable behavior. Moreover, the findings showed that visitor experience and satisfaction significantly mediates the relationship between tour guide performance and visitor sustainable behavior. This research contributes to our understanding of the tour guide role in maximizing visitors' appreciation and enjoyment, and minimizing their negative impacts on heritage sites. Managerial implications are discussed in light of the empirical findings.
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Heritage tourism is a vital part of the global economy. To attract more international tourists, many heritage sites provide multilingual interpretation. Previous research suggests that cultural adaptations in translations are esse...
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Heritage tourism is a vital part of the global economy. To attract more international tourists, many heritage sites provide multilingual interpretation. Previous research suggests that cultural adaptations in translations are essential to international visitors having a positive experience. This article challenges this view based on two theoretical premises: visitors are active participants in engaging with heritage interpretation, and their experience, mediated through verbal interpretation, interacts with other semiotics in the heritage site. This project used the Chinese and English audio guides to Edinburgh Castle as a case study. The methods adopted in this study include textual analysis, post-visit interviews, and the use of a custom smartphone application to track the participants' locations and use of the guide. The findings suggest that users of audio guides in different languages used different learning strategies to process unknown and familiar information, and foreign visitors, in particular, drew from different semiotic resources to construct their visiting experience. This research suggests that the key to engaging with international visitors is a well-prepared source text, which interacts with a range of multisensory semiotic resources, and facilitates visitor engagement with the physical setting.
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Tour guides play a key role in the archaeological site visitor experience by providing interpretation and information. The archaeological site of Jarash, Jordan, is an important heritage destination for a diverse tourist market. I...
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Tour guides play a key role in the archaeological site visitor experience by providing interpretation and information. The archaeological site of Jarash, Jordan, is an important heritage destination for a diverse tourist market. It is located in a cultural landscape setting where many archaeological and historical monuments are well preserved. However, at present, this heritage rich seems far from being completely interpreted and valorized by not only local people but also by visitors. This paper reflects on the information and stories provided by tour guides about sites where heritage tourism experiences take place. Within this context, interpretation by tour guides is analyzed. A mixed-methods approach is used to accomplish this and includes qualitative data from semi-structured interviews, participant observations and desk research. The analysis is helpful in confirming that the way tour guides interpret a site influences site valorization and visitor experiences directly. From a practical perspective, the findings provide important insights for understanding how to develop an interpretative model that utilizes site values and the potential for providing better visitor experiences. The findings of this study provide a better understanding of guided package tours and provide suggestions for tour guides and heritage site managers in Jordan.
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Background: Health visitors play an important role in supporting new parents in their transition to parenthood. A programme known as the Promotional Guide system is used by many health visitors in England with mothers and fathers ...
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Background: Health visitors play an important role in supporting new parents in their transition to parenthood. A programme known as the Promotional Guide system is used by many health visitors in England with mothers and fathers to support this transition, but there is little known about health visitors’ views of the Promotional Guides, how they are used in practice or barriers to effective implementation with fathers. Aims: The aim of this study was to explore the following: (1) health visitors’ use of Promotional Guides with fathers, (2) health visitors’ assessment of father’s mental health and wellbeing and (3) facilitators and barriers to using Promotional Guides in practice. Methods: A prospective observational cohort study and a process evaluation informed by the Medical Research Council guidance were conducted. A purposive sample of 11 health visitors was interviewed, and an additional seven were observed using the Promotional Guides in practice. Data were analysed using framework analysis. Results: Five main themes were identified from interview and observational data as follows: (1) Enquiry into fathers’ mental health, (2) Promotional Guides in practice, (3) health visitors’ perceptions of the Promotional Guides system, (4) barriers to using Promotional Guides with fathers and (5) facilitators and recommendations for using Promotional Guides with fathers. This study identified a number of barriers and facilitators to the use of Promotional Guides with fathers. Recommendations were made for improving services for first-time fathers, implementing the Promotional Guide system with fathers and highlighting areas for future research. Conclusion: This study considered the acceptability, feasibility and fidelity of using the Promotional Guide programme with fathers from the health visitor’s perspective. The findings provided an insight into health visitors’ experiences of working with fathers, inquiring about men’s mental health needs and their use of the Promotional Guides with men during the perinatal period.
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This study aims to enhance the visiting experience in museums by investigating visitor demands for a smart guiding service system. Through the utilization of semi-structured interviews and field observations, the research explores...
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This study aims to enhance the visiting experience in museums by investigating visitor demands for a smart guiding service system. Through the utilization of semi-structured interviews and field observations, the research explores visitor needs comprehensively. The Kano model is employed to categorize the various requirements, and the hierarchical analysis approach (AHP) is used to determine attribute weights, ensuring a thorough evaluation. By creating a hierarchical structure model for the smart guiding service system in museums and obtaining a comprehensive weight ranking for each indicator, the study provides a solid foundation for the development of effective solutions. Based on the ranking, several proposals are generated, presenting actionable insights for the implementation of a smart guiding service system. The findings emphasize the value of the Kano-AHP model in analyzing visitor demands, offering valuable guidance for museums aiming to establish an efficient and user-centric smart guiding service system.
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