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The multidrug-resistant bacteria induced infections have become one of the serious threats to global public health. There is an urgent need to fight against bacteria using efficient strategies beyond traditional antibiotics treatm...
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The multidrug-resistant bacteria induced infections have become one of the serious threats to global public health. There is an urgent need to fight against bacteria using efficient strategies beyond traditional antibiotics treatments. As essential trace element, molybdenum (Mo) is an indispensable component of many enzymes in the living body. The relatively low toxicity and unique physicochemical properties of Mo-based nanomaterials make them develop in various biomedical applications especially in antimicrobial stewardship for curing wound infection, sterilizing biomedical equipment, disinfecting water, and so on. In this review, we introduce the synthetic methods, physicochemical properties-related antibacterial activities, and applications of various Mo-based nanomaterials (MoS2, MoOx, molybdates, Mo-based polyoxometalates (POMs), and their hybrids). Then, the main antibacterial strategies including physical contact, photo-induced antibacterial, enzyme-like catalysis, ions release, and synergistic antibacterial are summarized. The antimicrobial mechanisms oriented by antimicrobial strategies are calssified. Furthermore, their inhibition on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) evolution and their biological safety are discussed. Finally, their challenges and prospects to advance the antibacterial activity are also reviewed.
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Governments, academics and industry are beginning to listen to the medical communities call for new anti-bacterials. This special issue brings together diverse review articles on topics from economics and pricing to new discovery methods.
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Graphene oxide (GO), for its unique structure with high biocompatibility and designability, is widely used in the antibacterial field. Various strategies have been designed to fabricate GO-based composites with antibacterial prope...
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Graphene oxide (GO), for its unique structure with high biocompatibility and designability, is widely used in the antibacterial field. Various strategies have been designed to fabricate GO-based composites with antibacterial properties. This review summarized these strategies, divided them into three types and interpreted their antibacterial mechanisms: (i) "GO*/non-GO" type in which GO acts as the single antibacterial core, (ii) "GO*/non-GO*" type in which GO and non-GO components function synergistically as dual antibacterial cores, (iii) "GO/non-GO*" type in which non-GO acts as the single antibacterial core, while GO component plays a supportive, not a dominant role in antibiosis. Besides, the fields suiting their applications and factors influencing their antibacterial properties were analyzed. Finally, the limitations and prospects in the current researches were discussed. In summary, GO-based composites have revolutionized antibacterial strategies. This review may serve as a reference to inspire further research on GO-based antibacterial composites. (c) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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Abstract Bacterial infection is one of the top ten leading causes of death globally and the worst killer in low‐income countries. The overuse of antibiotics leads to ever‐increasing antibiotic resistance, posing a severe threat ...
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Abstract Bacterial infection is one of the top ten leading causes of death globally and the worst killer in low‐income countries. The overuse of antibiotics leads to ever‐increasing antibiotic resistance, posing a severe threat to human health. Recent advances in nanotechnology provide new opportunities to address the challenges in bacterial infection by killing germs without using antibiotics. Antibiotic‐free antibacterial strategies enabled by advanced nanomaterials are presented. Nanomaterials are classified on the basis of their mode of action: nanomaterials with intrinsic or light‐mediated bactericidal properties and others that serve as vehicles for the delivery of natural antibacterial compounds. Specific attention is given to antibacterial mechanisms and the structure–performance relationship. Practical antibacterial applications employing these antibiotic‐free strategies are also introduced. Current challenges in this field and future perspectives are presented to stimulate new technologies and their translation to fight against bacterial infection.
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Ciprofloxacin is a broad spectrum fluoroquinolone antibiotic that acts by the inhibition of bacterial topoisomerase type II (DNA gyrase) and have a potent activity against Gram positive and negative bacteria. However, due to its r...
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Ciprofloxacin is a broad spectrum fluoroquinolone antibiotic that acts by the inhibition of bacterial topoisomerase type II (DNA gyrase) and have a potent activity against Gram positive and negative bacteria. However, due to its rigid and solid-state structure it suffers from limited water solubility. Improving its pharmacokinetic properties especially its water solubility is the concern of this work through the synthesis of various derivatives of ciprofloxacin with ethylene glycols through prodrug strategy without reducing its antibacterial activity. Shake-flask method was used to measure the aqueous solubility in phosphate buffer. The ciprofloxacin analogues were adequately stable at acidic and physiological pH. Synthesized derivatives were subjected to esterase-mediated hydrolysis reaction for the release of the drug from its prodrug form and showed a total hydrolysis after 25 min. Also antibacterial activity was studied against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Compared to ciprofloxacin, the solubility was increased for the three derivatives, and the antimicrobial activity was enhanced up to 40%.
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The failure of wound healing is majorly attributed to uncontrolled bleeding and bacterial infections. However, developing a wound plaster that can stop bleeding, resist blood extravasation, and realize directional transportation o...
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The failure of wound healing is majorly attributed to uncontrolled bleeding and bacterial infections. However, developing a wound plaster that can stop bleeding, resist blood extravasation, and realize directional transportation of drugs to promote wound healing remains a significant challenge. Herein, a superhydrophilic/hydrophobic polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan/silver@Thermoplastic polyurethane (PVA/CS/Ag@TPU) Janus membrane with structural and wettability gradients is developed. In this newly developed membrane, water is absorbed from blood via the superhydrophilic layer, which is attached to the wound, and the charge interactions between platelets and the introduced chitosan (CS) promote blood clotting. The capillary pressure resistance (Delta p > 0) of the superhydrophilic layer toward the hydrophobic layer prevents blood permeation, thereby reducing blood loss. The favorable Delta p (< 0) of the membrane based on its structural and wettability gradients can realize the directional transportation of drugs that promote wound healing from the hydrophobic to the superhydrophilic layer. The incorporation of CS and silver endows the Janus membrane with intrinsic antibacterial properties (99.9%). The formation of the hydrated layer on the hydrophilic layer imparts a resisting effect, further endowing the membrane with antiadhesion and antibacterial properties. Experiments involving mice with full-thickness skin wounds revealed that the wound-healing rate increased from 87.65% to similar to 100% when the Janus membrane was loaded with the prehealing drug. Moreover, the dressing accelerated wound healing, regenerated epidermal and granulation tissues, promoted collagen formation, and reduced scar size. Thus, this gradient design strategy opens an avenue for the development of next-generation wound dressings.
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Wound management is an important and increasing global issue. Infection of a wound can cause a delay in wound healing and pain, but also more serious complications like tissue necrosis or even sepsis, which can lead to loss of tis...
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Wound management is an important and increasing global issue. Infection of a wound can cause a delay in wound healing and pain, but also more serious complications like tissue necrosis or even sepsis, which can lead to loss of tissue, limbs or life. Antibacterial agents have been introduced into wound infection care. In this review, we provide an insight into the current antibacterial strategies of wound dressings, including wound infection process, antibacterial agents, and controlled drug release systems. We also emphasize the development of intelligent wound dressing and introduce a promising research direction.
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Newly designed nicotinamide derivatives were synthesized and characterized using spectral techniques (IR, H-1-NMR, C-13-NMR, and MS). Moreover, these compounds are investigated computationally. B3LYP/6-31 + G(d,p) level is selecte...
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Newly designed nicotinamide derivatives were synthesized and characterized using spectral techniques (IR, H-1-NMR, C-13-NMR, and MS). Moreover, these compounds are investigated computationally. B3LYP/6-31 + G(d,p) level is selected as the calculation level in this study. Experimental and calculated IR spectrum were compared to each other. Electronic properties of synthesized compounds are examined using HOMO/LUMO contour plot and MEP maps. Antibacterial activity and antibiofilm properties are investigated experimentally. Additionally, antibacterial properties of studied compounds are investigated by molecular docking analyses. As a result, ND4 was found as the best inhibitor candidate against Enterococcus faecalis.
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Bacterial resistance is inevitable and is a growing concern. It can be addressed only by discovery and development of new agents. However the discovery and development of new antibacterial agents are at an all time low. This artic...
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Bacterial resistance is inevitable and is a growing concern. It can be addressed only by discovery and development of new agents. However the discovery and development of new antibacterial agents are at an all time low. This article broadly examines the historical as well as current status of antibacterial discovery and provides some perspective as how to address some of the challenges.
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The 1,2,3-triazole ring fused with pyridine/pyrimidine was explored as new template for the identification of potential antimicrobial agents. The regioselective synthesis of these pre-designedN-heteroarenes was achieved via explor...
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The 1,2,3-triazole ring fused with pyridine/pyrimidine was explored as new template for the identification of potential antimicrobial agents. The regioselective synthesis of these pre-designedN-heteroarenes was achieved via exploring the application of Buchwald’s strategy (i.e. C–N bond formation/reduction/diazotization/cyclization sequence) to theN-heteroarene system. Two of them showed promising antibacterial (comparable to streptomycin) and several showed potent antifungal (comparable to mancozeb) activities.
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