摘要 : A study was conducted in a 10 000 ha region of the Tumut region of New South Wales, Australia, during to examine the response of mammals to landscape context, habitat fragmentation and other factors. The presence and abundance of ... 展开 A study was conducted in a 10 000 ha region of the Tumut region of New South Wales, Australia, during to examine the response of mammals to landscape context, habitat fragmentation and other factors. The presence and abundance of mammals was assessin large contiguous areas of Eucalyptus forests, areas dominated by exotic plantation Pinus radiata and fragments of eucalypt forest surrounded by extensive P. radiata plantation. Remnant fragments of Eucalyptus forest within the plantation and the extensive areas surrounding the plantation were dominated by a range of tree species including Eucalyptus radiata, E. camphora, E. macrorhynca, E. bridgesdiana, E. viminalis and E. dives, while understorey species included Acacia dealbata, A. falciformis, A.melanoxylon, Exocarpus cupressiformis, Bedfordia arborescens and Leptospermum junipereum. Eighty-six fragments of remnant eucalypt forest of varying size, shape and isolation age were randomly selected. Forty sites were located in large contiguous areasof Eucalyptus forest and these were matched to the sites in the remnants on the basis of forest type, geology and climatic conditions. A further 40 sites were selected in P. radiata dominated areas. Two major surveys sampled mammals (e.g. Antechinus stuartii, Rattus fuscipes, Vombatus ursinus, Trichosurus vulpecula, Wallabia bicolor and T. caninus) using hairtubing and trapping. W. bicolor and V. ursinus exhibited no significant response to landscape context and were detected at similar rates at all locations. Trichosurus spp. were recorded significantly less often in sites dominated by P. radiata trees. Landscape context effects varied for R. fuscipes and A. stuartii depending on the field methods utilised in sampling, in general however, both specieswere recorded significantly less frequently in P. radiata dominated sites. Although some species were extremely rare in P. radiata stands, no significant differences were identified in mammal presence and abundance between sites located in large contiguous areas of Eucalyptus forest and sites in fragments of remnant eucalypt forest surrounded by the softwood plantation. It is suggested that either animals from potential population sources in contiguous eucalypt forest can move through the softwood plantation and colonise the remnants, or populations residing in the fragments of remnant eucalypt forest are large enough to resist local extinction. It is concluded that remnant native forest within plantations of exotic P. radiata trees were occupied by several species of native mammals even when these fragments were surrounded by extensive plantations, and that these fragments should not be cleared during efforts to expand the softwood plantation estate. 收起