摘要 : The movement of inertial particles in intense vortices with a vertical axis in a gravity field is analyzed analytically. In this problem, the nonlinear nature of the hydrodynamic resistance is essential: its dependence on the modu... 展开 The movement of inertial particles in intense vortices with a vertical axis in a gravity field is analyzed analytically. In this problem, the nonlinear nature of the hydrodynamic resistance is essential: its dependence on the modulus of the particle velocity relative to the medium. The different components of the movement interact with each other, since each of them affects the coefficient of resistance. An effective method for an approximate analytical solution of the problem has been found. A number of general laws of particle dynamics have been established. A comparison of the results with some numerical calculations available in the literature confirms the adequacy of the model for Reynolds numbers up to about 10(3). In some respects, satisfactory agreement can be stated for more massive particles as well. The distance of transport of heavy particles outside the region of intense winds has been estimated. An adequate description of the motion of particles can be important for correctly interpreting the results of radar sounding of tornadoes, for assessing the associated hazards, and, possibly, for modeling the dynamics of the tornadoes themselves. 收起