摘要: A literature review (224 references) assessing occupational health and safety aspects of TNT (2,4,6-trinitrotoluene). Topics considered include human toxicity, epidemiology of TNT occupational exposures, industrial standards and p... 展开 A literature review (224 references) assessing occupational health and safety aspects of TNT (2,4,6-trinitrotoluene). Topics considered include human toxicity, epidemiology of TNT occupational exposures, industrial standards and practices delimited by the OSHA Act and U.S. Armed Forces recommendations on maximum allowable concentration of atmospheric TNT in the workplace. Laboratory animal morbidity and mortality studies, pharmacokinetics in mammals, microbial biodegradation, photodecomposition and other environmental aspects, and sampling and analysis in biologic media, air and water are reviewed. Recommendations for further research include determination of the carcinogenic, mutagenic and teratogenic potential of TNT, and establishment of a lower maximum allowable concentration in the workplace (from 1.5 mg/cu m to 0.5 mg/cu m atmospheric TNT) to reduce the occurrence of dose-related aplastic anemia, toxic hepatitis and jaundice, and other manifestations of intoxication from short- or long-term occupational exposure to TNT. (Author) 收起