摘要: It is likely humans will venture beyond the relative safety of low earth orbit (LEO) during the next century, in space-faring journeys termed exploration class missions (ECMs). These missions will include manned missions to the Mo... 展开 It is likely humans will venture beyond the relative safety of low earth orbit (LEO) during the next century, in space-faring journeys termed exploration class missions (ECMs). These missions will include manned missions to the Moon and, ultimately, Mars. Such a mission to Mars could entail a period of years in which space travelers would be unable to quickly return to Earth in the event of a serious surgical condition. These medical care challenges are greater than the engineering ones. Space medicine will always be limited by logistical factors such as limitations in weight, volume, power, and crew training. It will be driven by a focus on conditions that are most likely to occur, or would have the most impact on the crewmembers and mission. A human surgical event has not yet occurred in space, though injury has been ranked at the highest level of concern regarding the probable incidence versus impact and is considered a critical problem for which no reliable countermeasures exist in the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Bioastronautics Critical Path Roadmap for long-duration, human space exploration. 收起