摘要: Autonomous precision landing techniques allow unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to land on their own in a specific location and orientation using more precise techniques than conventional GPS navigation. Using these techniques can c... 展开 Autonomous precision landing techniques allow unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to land on their own in a specific location and orientation using more precise techniques than conventional GPS navigation. Using these techniques can cut the landing precision margin of error from a matter of meters to a matter of centimeters. The process can be implemented in a number of different ways, but it always involves at least one sensor on the drone, such as a visual, thermal or infrared capable camera, gathering information from the ground or landing target. Corresponding with the sensor type(s) that the drone is equipped with are several localization markers necessary to facilitate autonomous precision landing. Such markers include fiducial tags such as AruCo markers or April tags for visual cameras, custom heat-strip signatures for thermal cameras, and IR beacons for infrared cameras. All three of these precision landing techniques are suitable for GPS-denied environments. Fiducial tags and visual sensors have a high technology readiness level. They are readily available for line-of-sight landings autonomously, and the latter two techniques (IR-locking and Thermal Imaging) are especially useful in light-deprived or heavily dusty environments such as an underground mine. 收起