摘要: Reducing aviation climate impact is a priority for the stakeholders of the sector, but doing so requires increased investments and progress in aircraft technology, low-carbon fuels, and operations. Aircraft are generally very vers... 展开 Reducing aviation climate impact is a priority for the stakeholders of the sector, but doing so requires increased investments and progress in aircraft technology, low-carbon fuels, and operations. Aircraft are generally very versatile, leading to missions that are far from the ones they have been designed and optimized for. A potential lever for CO_2 reduction in aviation is to have an overall fleet that is better tailored and optimized for the needs of the air transport system. Aircraft are generally designed with a set of top-level aircraft requirements to ensure they match operational constraints. This paper proposes to relax these requirements to assess the effects of lower-range, slower and modified payload aircraft, and evaluate the potential gains for the air transport system. Per-passenger and kilometer fuel burn and operating costs of several modified aircraft are compared with a baseline aircraft using a payload-range response surface. It allows a quick estimation of any mission fuel burn and operating cost. United States-wide operations emissions abatement potential is assessed by replacing the reference fleet with the newly designed aircraft when it is more efficient. Marginal fuel burn gains of 6 % are found when a shorter-range aircraft is designed. An illustrative slower open-rotor aircraft would not significantly increase its operating costs. Increasing the capacity offers both cost and fuel burn reductions but decreases the operating versatility. 收起