摘要: 1. Li ion with silica at the anode and 90% nickel oxide (or higher) at the cathode are likely to exceed 700Wh/liter while providing nearly all other automotive battery requirements. 2. Cell cost lower than $100/kWh is achievable b... 展开 1. Li ion with silica at the anode and 90% nickel oxide (or higher) at the cathode are likely to exceed 700Wh/liter while providing nearly all other automotive battery requirements. 2. Cell cost lower than $100/kWh is achievable but to obtain a cost lower than $80/kWh will require a significant reversal in metal pricing or new cathode chemistry. 3. Any 'post-Li-ion' mass-market battery-EV technology will have to provide at least a 25% improvement in energy density and/or a 20% reduction in cost against the numbers above, while maintaining parity with all other key cell parameters. A formidable challenge! 4. Li-metal oxide chemistry (NMC or related) can meet the first criterion but adequate cycle life and cost parity are a longer shot. 5. The 2025 mass-market EV battery technology will be Gr-Si/NMC Li ion with liquid electrolyte. 收起