摘要: 1. Material handling: high electrification, LABs are used 2. Standard lUla charge regime leads to a. low efficiency (75 %), higher costs b. high temperatures => long cooling time (more batteries) 3. PSOC charge protocol (eliminati... 展开 1. Material handling: high electrification, LABs are used 2. Standard lUla charge regime leads to a. low efficiency (75 %), higher costs b. high temperatures => long cooling time (more batteries) 3. PSOC charge protocol (elimination of post charge phase Ua) leads to a. higher efficiency (87 %), lower costs (16 % @ 0.25 €/kWh grid), b. lower temperatures ⇒ shorter cooling time (fewer batteries), use of larger batteries possible But partially lower lifetime, sulfation is observed ⇒ Adapted operation strategies are necessary: active electrolyte circulation (pulsed pump operation), regeneration cycles with IU (U ≈ 2.4 V), ≥ 24 h. 收起