摘要 : This article presents a review of safety validation, calculations of initial and residual life, reliability, and survivability of equipment critical structures based on analyzing stress-strain states following the results of diagn... 展开 This article presents a review of safety validation, calculations of initial and residual life, reliability, and survivability of equipment critical structures based on analyzing stress-strain states following the results of diagnostics and monitoring of parameters of their current and limit states with consideration of accumulation of operational damageability. On the basis of the assessment of the stress-strain states and changes in properties of structural materials and their defectiveness, we studied the possibility of determining the consumed part of the lifespan, residual life, survivability, and reliability of critical elements in machines and structures. We proved that integrated implementation of control, nondestructive testing, defectometry, technical diagnostics, fracture diagnostics, and monitoring of critical equipment elements offers new opportunities of controlling the lifespan and safety of highly hazardous facilities. 收起