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Background: Research evidence has demonstrated that oxidative stress plays important etiological role in pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease. The agents having antioxidant property plays a promising therapeutic intervention in...
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Background: Research evidence has demonstrated that oxidative stress plays important etiological role in pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease. The agents having antioxidant property plays a promising therapeutic intervention in ALD. In our present study we investigate the effect of ascorbic acid on ethanol induced liver injury and molecular mechanism of ethanol induced apoptosis.Methods: Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 animals in each group control, ethanol treatment 40% (2ml/100gm), ethanol+ascorbic acid 100mg/kg b.w. intra-gastric gavage, ethanol+silymarin 100mg/kg b.w. intra-gastric gavage for 21 days. Statistical analysis was carried out using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey multiple comparision test.Results: Ethanol induced hepatotoxicity is evidenced by increased level of liver marker enzymes (AST, ALT, ALP and LDH) and lipid peroxidation whereas the level of antioxidants (SOD, CAT, GSH, VIT C and E) was significantly decreased. Our results are further supported by histopathological examination which shows drastic changes in liver architecture. Hepatic Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase 3 and Caspase 9 proteins expressions were altered. On contrary treatment with ascorbic acid ameliorated the changes induced by ethanol and improved liver architecture. Conclusions: Ascorbic acid as an antioxidant protect the liver from ethanol induced oxidative damage and apoptosis.
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Vaccination is believed to be the most effective method for the prevention of infectious diseases. Thus it is imperative to develop cost effective and scalable process for the production of vaccines so as to make them affordable f...
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Vaccination is believed to be the most effective method for the prevention of infectious diseases. Thus it is imperative to develop cost effective and scalable process for the production of vaccines so as to make them affordable for mass use. In this study, performance of a novel disposable iCELLis fixed bed bioreactor system was investigated for the production of some viral vaccines like Rabies, Hepatitis-A and Chikungunya vaccines in comparison to conventional systems like the commercially available packed bed system and roller bottle system. Vero and MRC-5 cell substrates were evaluated for growth parameters in all the three systems maintaining similar seeding density, multiplicity of infection (MOI) and media components. It was observed that Vero cells showed similar growth in all the three bioreactors whereas MRC-5 cells showed better growth in iCELLis Nano system and roller bottle system. Subsequently, the virus infection and antigen production studies also revealed that for Hepatitis-A and Chikungunya iCELLis Nano bioreactor system was better to the commercial packed bed bioreactor and roller bottle systems. Although for rabies antigen production commercially available packed bed bioreactor system was found to be better. This study shows that different bioreactor platforms may be employed for viral vaccine production and iCELLis Nano is one of such new convenient and a stable platform for production of human viral vaccines.
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AIM :This study aims at determining the amount of enamel decalcification in terms of microhardness. MATERIALS AND METHODS :Twenty patients requiring treatment by extraction method for Class I malocclusion with bimaxillary protrusi...
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AIM :This study aims at determining the amount of enamel decalcification in terms of microhardness. MATERIALS AND METHODS :Twenty patients requiring treatment by extraction method for Class I malocclusion with bimaxillary protrusion were selected for the study. Twenty patients were randomly divided into control group and experimental group. In the control group ( n = 40), extraction of permanent first premolars was done on day 1 of bonding to assess the Vickers hardness number (VHN) of enamel surface, and in the experimental group ( n = 40), extraction of the contralateral premolars was done on the 28 th day after bonding to assess the VHN of enamel surface. The values are tabulated and analyzed by SPSS software. RESULTS :There is significant surface enamel dissolution of enamel crystals in the experimental group compared to the control group, and a statistically significant difference in VHN is evident between the control and experimental groups. The surface enamel dissolution (VHN) is not significant difference noted between mandibular and maxillary premolars of the control and experimental groups. CONCLUSION :The present study has demonstrated a higher level of surface enamel dissolution in the experimental group. There is a marked difference in the VHN between the control and experimental groups, which is statistically significant. The scanning electron microscopy study also confirms the presence of surface enamel demineralization following orthodontic bonding. Copyright: ? 2021 Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences.
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Aim: The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of orthodontic brackets to tooth with conventional, Self-etching and Nano bonding agent. Materials and Method: Specimen consisted of premolar on which the premolar br...
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Aim: The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of orthodontic brackets to tooth with conventional, Self-etching and Nano bonding agent. Materials and Method: Specimen consisted of premolar on which the premolar brackets were bonded with light cure adhesive system.The specimens were divided into 3 groups of 12 teeth. Group I were bonded using conventional bonding agent,Group II was bonded using Self-etching primer and Group III was bonded using Nano bonding agent.The shear bond strength was recorded by Instron at a cross head speed of 1 mm/ min until the bracket debonds. Results: It was observed that the Group III had a (10.05) higher mean value than the other Group I (18.73), Group II (5.48). Findings indicated no significant difference between conventional and Nano bonding agent. However self-etching primer displayed adequate bond strength. Conclusion: The results of the study were promising as always for conventional and Nano bonding agent. Though Self-etching primer produced comparable shear bond strength to that of conventional light cure and would save chair time.
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Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors. Its incidence is rated as one among the highest in the world and the use of tobacco in various forms is increasingly associated with the c...
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Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors. Its incidence is rated as one among the highest in the world and the use of tobacco in various forms is increasingly associated with the cause of OSCC. In oral cancer the study of tumor markers have been limited and several tumor makers with clinical promise needs further evaluation.Methods: Present study was conducted in histopathologically confirmed OSCC patients form Coimbatore city, South India. Levels of β2-Microglobulin and Total Sialic Acid (TSA) in serum of the subjects were analyzed by ELISA and spectrophotometric method.Results: The levels of β2-microglobulin (3.81±0.09) and TSA (72.81±2.31) were found to be elevated in OSCC patients when compared with the controls (2.07±0.15; 64.17±1.86). Mean values were compared between the smokers and non smokers, which showed a significant increase in the level of β2-microglobulin and TSA (P < 0.05).Conclusion: In this study, the levels of β2-microglobulin and TSA were higher in OSCC patients with smoking habit than in non smokers. The study hypothesizes that this imbalance may be one of the major factors responsible for the progression of oral cancer.
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Background of the Study: Although many studies are available validating the role of saliva as an alternative diagnostic tool, no reliable data are available on the duration of time, a salivary sample can be reliably stored at room...
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Background of the Study: Although many studies are available validating the role of saliva as an alternative diagnostic tool, no reliable data are available on the duration of time, a salivary sample can be reliably stored at room temperature for estimation. It varies from one analyte to another and has to be researched. Aim: The aim of the study was to determine the effect of 2 h of room temperature storage on salivary glucose concentration. Materials and Methods: Saliva samples obtained by spitting method from thirty healthy volunteers were centrifuged and glucose concentration determined in the supernatant obtained. The test was repeated 2 h later following room temperature storage of the supernatant. Results: The data obtained were analyzed using wilcoxson signed rank test. No significant difference between was observed between the two values. Conclusion: Salivary glucose can reliably estimate on centrifuged samples following 2 h of room temperature storage.
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Fanconi anemia (FA) is a genetically heterogeneous rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by congenital malformations, hematological problems and predisposition to malignancies. The genes that have been found to be mutate...
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Fanconi anemia (FA) is a genetically heterogeneous rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by congenital malformations, hematological problems and predisposition to malignancies. The genes that have been found to be mutated in FA patients are called FANC. To date 16 distinct FANC genes have been reported. Among these, mutations in FANCA are the most frequent among FA patients worldwide which account for 60- 65%. In this study, a nine years old male child was brought to our hospital one year ago for opinion and advice. He was the third child born to consanguineous parents. The mutation analyses were performed for proband, parents, elder sibling and the relatives [maternal aunt and maternal aunt’s son (cousin)]. Molecular genetic testing [targeted next-generation sequencing (MiSeq, Illumina method)] was performed by mutation analysis in 15 genes involved. Entire coding exons and their flanking regions of the genes were analysed. Sanger sequencing [(ABI 3730 analyzer by Applied Biosystems)] was performed using primers specific for 43 coding exons of the FANCA gene. A novel splice site mutation, c.3066?+?1G?>?T, (IVS31?+?1G?>?T), homozygote was detected by sequencing in the patient. The above sequence variant was identified in heterozygous state in his parents. Further, the above sequence variant was not identified in other family members (elder sibling, maternal aunt and cousin). It is concluded that genetic study should be done if possible in all the cases of suspected FA, including siblings, parents and close blood relatives. It will help us to plan appropriate treatment and also to select suitable donor for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and to plan for genetic counseling. In addition to the case report, the main focus of this manuscript was to review literature on role of FANCA gene in FA since large number of FANCA mutations and polymorphisms have been identified.
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Fanconi anemia (FA) is a genetically heterogeneous rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by congenital malformations, hematological problems and predisposition to malignancies. The genes that have been found to be mutate...
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Fanconi anemia (FA) is a genetically heterogeneous rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by congenital malformations, hematological problems and predisposition to malignancies. The genes that have been found to be mutated in FA patients are called FANC. To date 16 distinct FANC genes have been reported. Among these, mutations in FANCA are the most frequent among FA patients worldwide which account for 60- 65%. In this study, a nine years old male child was brought to our hospital one year ago for opinion and advice. He was the third child born to consanguineous parents. The mutation analyses were performed for proband, parents, elder sibling and the relatives [maternal aunt and maternal aunt’s son (cousin)]. Molecular genetic testing [targeted next-generation sequencing (MiSeq, Illumina method)] was performed by mutation analysis in 15 genes involved. Entire coding exons and their flanking regions of the genes were analysed. Sanger sequencing [(ABI 3730 analyzer by Applied Biosystems)] was performed using primers specific for 43 coding exons of the FANCA gene. A novel splice site mutation, c.3066?+?1G?>?T, (IVS31?+?1G?>?T), homozygote was detected by sequencing in the patient. The above sequence variant was identified in heterozygous state in his parents. Further, the above sequence variant was not identified in other family members (elder sibling, maternal aunt and cousin). It is concluded that genetic study should be done if possible in all the cases of suspected FA, including siblings, parents and close blood relatives. It will help us to plan appropriate treatment and also to select suitable donor for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and to plan for genetic counseling. In addition to the case report, the main focus of this manuscript was to review literature on role of FANCA gene in FA since large number of FANCA mutations and polymorphisms have been identified.
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ObjectiveTo identify correlates of anaemia during the first trimester of pregnancy among 366 urban South Indian pregnant women.DesignCross-sectional study evaluating demographic, socio-economic, anthropometric and dietary intake d...
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ObjectiveTo identify correlates of anaemia during the first trimester of pregnancy among 366 urban South Indian pregnant women.DesignCross-sectional study evaluating demographic, socio-economic, anthropometric and dietary intake data on haematological outcomes.SettingA government maternity health-care centre catering predominantly to the needs of pregnant women from the lower socio-economic strata of urban Bangalore.SubjectsPregnant women (n 366) aged a‰￥18 and a‰¤40 years, who registered for antenatal screening at a‰¤14 weeks of gestation.ResultsMean age was 22?·6 (sd 3?·4) years, mean BMI was 20?·4 (sd 3?·3) kg/m2 and 236 (64?·5 %) of the pregnant women were primiparous. The prevalence of anaemia (Hb
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