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Кондиционер, разработанный во ВНИИ кормов, пригоден для обработки бобовых и злаковых трав. Он представляет собой самостоятел...
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Кондиционер, разработанный во ВНИИ кормов, пригоден для обработки бобовых и злаковых трав. Он представляет собой самостоятельную роторную машину, а также может устанавливаться на брусовые и ротационные косилки. Кондиционер ускоряет обезвоживание скошенных трав в 1,5--2 раза.
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Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate the quality of Marandu grass (Brachiaria brizantha) haylage according to different dry matter (DM) contents in storage. The design adopted was completely randomized with four trea...
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Abstract The purpose of this study was to evaluate the quality of Marandu grass (Brachiaria brizantha) haylage according to different dry matter (DM) contents in storage. The design adopted was completely randomized with four treatments and five replications. The treatments were DM contents of the plant at the moment of storage (in natura, 30–40, 40–50 and 50–60% DM). The analyses to assess the quality of the haylage were performed after 90 days of storage. The chemical composition, microbiological population, gas quantification, pH, N-NH3, volatile fatty acids, soluble carbohydrates (CHO) and the aerobic stability were evaluated. The means were compared through the Tukey's test and linear regression. The treatment with 50–60% DM presented the highest DM and CHO contents which were 563.8 and 42.0 g/kg, respectively. There was a higher presence of oxygen in the haylage of in natura material, which was 4.8%. There was no difference between treatments for the population of lactic acid bacteria; however, the treatment with 50–60% DM had the highest concentration of enterobacteria. The haylage with 30–40% DM and 50–60% DM presented high concentrations of acetic acid. There was no break in aerobic stability for any treatment within 120 h after opening the bales. There was a smaller amount of N-NH3 in treatments with 40–50% DM and 50–60% DM. The Marandu grass with a DM content of 50–60% for haylage making demonstrated better quality characterization of conserved forage.
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Deschampsia antarctica Desv. is one of two vascular plants from the Maritime Antarctic. It is usually exposed to cold, salt, and desiccating winds. We hypothesize that D. antarctica has genes that encode dehydrin proteins and thei...
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Deschampsia antarctica Desv. is one of two vascular plants from the Maritime Antarctic. It is usually exposed to cold, salt, and desiccating winds. We hypothesize that D. antarctica has genes that encode dehydrin proteins and their expression is regulated by low temperature, salt or osmotic stress. To test this hypothesis a fragment of a dehydrin gene from D. antarctica was identified and used as a probe to study dehydrin expression under low temperature, salt, and osmotic stress, and exogenous ABA (abscisic acid) treatments. An anti-dehydrin antibody was also used to study dehydrin protein accumulation under the same treatments. Southern analysis of genomic DNA treated with different endonucleases showed more than four bands recognized by the probe, suggesting that D. antarctica has several dehydrin genes. Northern analysis showed two putative dehydrin transcripts of 1.0 kb accumulated only under exogenous ABA and 1.6 kb under osmotic and salt treatments, suggesting that D. antarctica would have ABA-dependent and-independent pathways for regulation of dehydrin expression. Western analysis showed seven dehydrin proteins (58, 57, 55, 53, 48, 30 and 27 kDa) under the different stress treatments. Cold-accumulated dehydrin proteins were immunolocalized, showing that they are associated with vascular and epidermal tissue, which are preferential ice nucleation zones.
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В статье рассматриваются условия подготовки к силосованию скошенных высокопротеиновых многолетних трав и влияние провялива...
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В статье рассматриваются условия подготовки к силосованию скошенных высокопротеиновых многолетних трав и влияние провяливания массы на повышение или снижение ее силосуемости. Предлагаются технологические приемы силосования, обеспечивающие снижение отрицательных последствий провяливания и получение высококачественного корма.
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Background and Aims Evidence suggests drought severity is increasing due to climate change, but strategies promoting severe drought survival in perennial grasses have been seldom explored. This is particularly true of summer dorma...
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Background and Aims Evidence suggests drought severity is increasing due to climate change, but strategies promoting severe drought survival in perennial grasses have been seldom explored. This is particularly true of summer dormancy, an adaptation common in summer-dry Mediterranean-type climates. In addition, though theory predicts superior drought survival results in lower potential productivity, studies rarely measure both drought survival and growth under optimal conditions.
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The genetic basis of physiological responses to drought and its association with productivity, persistence and summer dormancy is not clear in orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.). Thirty-six orchardgrass genotypes were evaluated ...
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The genetic basis of physiological responses to drought and its association with productivity, persistence and summer dormancy is not clear in orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.). Thirty-six orchardgrass genotypes were evaluated under water stress and non-stressed conditions during 2 years (2013-14). High genotypic variation was observed for all of the agronomic and physiological traits. Water stress reduced dry matter yield, relative water content and chlorophyll content while significantly increasing carotenoids, water-soluble carbohydrates, proline and chlorophyll a : b ratio. The results indicated that carotenoids and proline accumulation could not be used for discriminating drought-tolerant genotypes of orchardgrass, whereas water-soluble carbohydrates may be used to achieve this purpose. Moreover, the results showed that the stable genotypes that have lower changes in productivity from normal to water-stress environments also have more persistence. No association was found between summer dormancy and drought tolerance measured by both physiological and yield-based drought-tolerance indices. Some of the drought-tolerant genotypes had relatively high persistence and better autumn recovery, a characteristic useful for the development of new synthetic varieties.
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Background and Aims Extreme climatic events such as severe droughts are expected to increase with climate change and to limit grassland perennity. The present study aimed to characterize the adaptive responses by which temperate h...
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Background and Aims Extreme climatic events such as severe droughts are expected to increase with climate change and to limit grassland perennity. The present study aimed to characterize the adaptive responses by which temperate herbaceous grassland species resist, survive and recover from a severe drought and to explore the relationships between plant resource use and drought resistance strategies.
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The research presented in this paper and its results aimed at the determining the influence of mixture utilisation with various amount of the dehydrated grass meal on unitary production price of pork slaughter and some production ...
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The research presented in this paper and its results aimed at the determining the influence of mixture utilisation with various amount of the dehydrated grass meal on unitary production price of pork slaughter and some production and economic coefficients. 100 piglets divided into 5 feeding groups with the addition from 0 to 20% of the dehydrated grass meal were involved in the research. The achieved results prove the significant influence of the dehydrated grass meal added to feed on the unitary production cost level of slaughtered pork. The optimum 5% addition of the dehydrated grass meal to fattening pigs' feed resulted in the largest production cost reduction.
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The integrity of small subunit rRNAs during a desiccation/rehydration event in desiccation tolerant and intolerant plants was determined. Ribosomal RNAs were stable in the fully tolerant Tortula ruralis, underwent ordered breakdow...
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The integrity of small subunit rRNAs during a desiccation/rehydration event in desiccation tolerant and intolerant plants was determined. Ribosomal RNAs were stable in the fully tolerant Tortula ruralis, underwent ordered breakdown in the modified desiccation tolerant Sporobolus stapfianus, and were completely degraded in the desiccation sensitive S. pyramidalis. USDA-ARS
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1. Restoration of degraded grasslands through active revegetation often involves re-establishing populations of native grasses, which must withstand increasing drought stress to persist beyond initial establishment. In perennial s...
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1. Restoration of degraded grasslands through active revegetation often involves re-establishing populations of native grasses, which must withstand increasing drought stress to persist beyond initial establishment. In perennial species, superior dehydration tolerance is expected to result in more conservative growth, but this trade-off has seldom been studied among populations of herbaceous species.
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