摘要 :
The aim of the submitted work is to study the influence of applied loads (test forces) between 0.09807 and 2.9421 N on the measured value of micro-hardness of sintered Fe/3.3 wt-%Cu + CnHm. The Indentation Size Effect (ISE), i.e. ...
展开
The aim of the submitted work is to study the influence of applied loads (test forces) between 0.09807 and 2.9421 N on the measured value of micro-hardness of sintered Fe/3.3 wt-%Cu + CnHm. The Indentation Size Effect (ISE), i.e. the influence of the load on the micro-hardness is expected. The results were evaluated by Meyer's index n, t-test, and non-parametric tests. The applied load has a statistically significant influence on the type and size of the ISE. Tested sintered material shows 'normal' ISE with Meyer's index n = 1.7588.
收起
摘要 :
The aim of the submitted work is to study the influence of applied loads (test forces) between 0.09807 and 2.9421 N on the measured value of micro-hardness of sintered Fe/3.3 wt-%Cu + C_nH_m.The Indentation Size Effect (ISE), i.e....
展开
The aim of the submitted work is to study the influence of applied loads (test forces) between 0.09807 and 2.9421 N on the measured value of micro-hardness of sintered Fe/3.3 wt-%Cu + C_nH_m.The Indentation Size Effect (ISE), i.e. the influence of the load on the micro-hardness is expected. The results were evaluated by Meyer's index n, t-test, and non-parametric tests. The applied load has a statistically significant influence on the type and size of the ISE. Tested sintered material shows 'normal' ISE with Meyer's index n = 1.7588.
收起
摘要 :
A functionally graded Ni2Al3 coating, prepared with a two-step method of nickel electroplating and pack aluminizing, can improve the hardness of low -carbon steel and other surface performance features. However, the adhesion betwe...
展开
A functionally graded Ni2Al3 coating, prepared with a two-step method of nickel electroplating and pack aluminizing, can improve the hardness of low -carbon steel and other surface performance features. However, the adhesion between the coating and the substrate is an important factor affecting these properties. The primary purpose of this study was to introduce a test for determining the adhesion of the Ni2Al3 coating, which included two tools, namely a micro scratch tester (MST) and a WS -2000 automatic scratch tester, used for measuring the coating adhesion and observing the scratch morphology. Results show that the adhesion is about 14 N according to the MST, which is equivalent to 56 N obtained with WS -2000. As the load increases, the scratches gradually become larger and deeper. Finally, the surface morphology shows cracks, indicating that the coating has failed.
收起
摘要 :
In this paper, we present the architecture, design, and usage of a new type of semiconductor IC test system. The traditional IC test systems require conversion of design simulation data (vectors) into cyclized form, such as WGL or...
展开
In this paper, we present the architecture, design, and usage of a new type of semiconductor IC test system. The traditional IC test systems require conversion of design simulation data (vectors) into cyclized form, such as WGL or STIL format. The new architecture described in this paper avoids such conversion and uses design simulation data as-is. Thus, it allows testing in the design simulation environment (Verilog/VHDL). The basic architecture, design, implementation, and testing of this tester is described at individual component levels as well as at the system level. Finally, its unique test flow and usage models are presented.
收起
摘要 :
In the micro-hardness range of the load, the measurement is complicated by the occurrence of the Indentation Size Effect (ISE) - the measured value of the micro-hardness is affected by the value of the applied load. The paper aims...
展开
In the micro-hardness range of the load, the measurement is complicated by the occurrence of the Indentation Size Effect (ISE) - the measured value of the micro-hardness is affected by the value of the applied load. The paper aims to study the influence of the automatic testers on the character type and size of the ISE. Ten testers and five standard reference blocks were involved in the "round-robin test". Parameters of the ISE were evaluated using Meyer's, Hays-Kendall, and PSR methods and also by statistical methods (ANOVA, t-test, regression, and cluster analysis). Despite the assumptions, a statistically significant impact of the hardness tester was found not only on the measured value but also on the character and size of ISE.
收起
摘要 :
To test next-generation system-on-a-chip (SoC) ICs, an open architecture automatic test equipment (ATE) has been conceived. Open Architecture provides a framework to integrate software and instruments of different vendors into the...
展开
To test next-generation system-on-a-chip (SoC) ICs, an open architecture automatic test equipment (ATE) has been conceived. Open Architecture provides a framework to integrate software and instruments of different vendors into the ATE. The specifications of this framework, known as OPENSTAR specifications, have been developed by the Semiconductor Test Consortium (STC). The deployment of third-party instruments and modules in this framework is plug-and-play to achieve the optimal test configuration for a given SoC. In this test system, each modular unit can be replaced with another modular unit from a different vendor, and the tester can be reconfigured to map the test resources according to the requirements of device-under-test (DUT). The only restriction in using the third party modules is that each modular unit must adhere to the standard interfaces of the integrating framework and should conform to the OPENSTAR specifications. Hardware modules can be any functional unit such as a digital pincard, an analog card, device power supply (DPS), instruments such as waveform generator, etc. Similarly, software modules can be a tool or utility such as a test executive tool, system monitoring or licensing tools, unit-level controllers, database, Microsoft Office utilities, application specific software for controlling equipment, etc. The basic structure of this test system, module structure, calibration/diagnostics and synchronization as well as system reconfigurability is described in this paper.
收起
摘要 :
Background: Although its theoretical usefulness has been reported, the true value of automatic smoke evacuation system in laparoscopic surgery remains unknown. This is mainly due to the lack of objective evaluation. The purpose of...
展开
Background: Although its theoretical usefulness has been reported, the true value of automatic smoke evacuation system in laparoscopic surgery remains unknown. This is mainly due to the lack of objective evaluation. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of the automatic smoke evacuator in laparoscopic surgery, by real-time objective evaluation system using an industrial smoke-detection device. Methods: Six pigs were used in this study. Three surgical ports were placed and electrosurgical smoke was generated in a standard fashion, using either a high-frequency electrosurgical unit (HF-ESU) or laparosonic coagulating shears (LCS). The smoke was evacuated immediately in the evacuation group but not in the control nonevacuation group. The laparoscopic field-of-view was subjectively evaluated by ten independent surgeons. The composition of the surgical smoke was analyzed by mass spectrometry. The residual smoke in the abdominal cavity was aspirated manually into a smoke tester, and stains on a filter paper were image captured, digitized, and semiquantified. Results: Subjective evaluation indicated superior field-of-view in the evacuation group, compared with the control, at 15 s after activation of the HF-ESU (P < 0.05). The smoke comprised various chemical compounds, including known carcinogens. The estimated volume of intra-abdominal residual smoke after activation of HF-ESU was significantly lower in the evacuation group (47.4 ± 16.6) than the control (76.7 ± 2.4, P = 0.0018). Only marginal amount of surgical smoke was detected in both groups after LCS when the tissue pad was free from burnt tissue deposits. However, the amount was significantly lower in the evacuation group (21.3 ± 10.7) than the control (75 ± 39.9, P = 0.044) when the tissue pad contained tissue sludge. Conclusions: Automatic smoke evacuation provides better field-of-view and reduces the risk of exposure to harmful compounds.
收起
摘要 :
This report describes the development of a miniature tensile force-testing device used to test automotive pinch strips. The primary purpose of this device is to aid in the characterization of pinch strips by determining the compre...
展开
This report describes the development of a miniature tensile force-testing device used to test automotive pinch strips. The primary purpose of this device is to aid in the characterization of pinch strips by determining the compressive force required to activate a pinch strip over an ambient temperature and the size of an object applying force to the strip. The user software was developed to allow the test operator to run tests and collect and display test data
收起
摘要 :
The ignition, oxidation, and pyrolysis chemistry of methyl propyl ether (MPE) was probed experimentally at several different conditions, and a comprehensive chemical kinetic model was constructed to help understand the observation...
展开
The ignition, oxidation, and pyrolysis chemistry of methyl propyl ether (MPE) was probed experimentally at several different conditions, and a comprehensive chemical kinetic model was constructed to help understand the observations, with many of the key parameters computed using quantum chemistry and transition state theory. Experiments were carried out in a shock tube measuring time variation of CO concentrations, in a flow tube measuring product concentrations, and in a rapid compression machine (RCM) measuring ignition delay times. The detailed reaction mechanism was constructed using the Reaction Mechanism Generator software. Sensitivity and flux analyses were used to identify key rate and thermochemical parameters, which were then computed using quantum chemistry to improve the mechanism. Validation of the final model against the 1-20 bar 600-1500 K experimental data is presented with a discussion of the kinetics. The model is in excellent agreement with most of the shock tube and RCM data. Strong non-monotonic variation in conversion and product distribution is observed in the flow-tube experiments as the temperature is increased, and unusually strong pressure dependence and significant heat release during the compression stroke is observed in the RCM experiments. These observations are largely explained by a close competition between radical decomposition and addition to O2 at different sites in MPE; this causes small shifts in conditions to lead to big shifts in the dominant reaction pathways. The validated mechanism was used to study the chemistry occurring during ignition in a diesel engine, simulated using Ignition Quality Test (IQT) conditions. At the IQT conditions, where the MPE concentration is higher, bimolecular reactions of peroxy radicals are much more important than in the RCM.
收起
摘要 :
Automation is vital to accelerating research. In recent years, the application of self-driving labs to materials discovery
and device optimization has highlighted many benefits and challenges inherent to these new technologies. S...
展开
Automation is vital to accelerating research. In recent years, the application of self-driving labs to materials discovery
and device optimization has highlighted many benefits and challenges inherent to these new technologies. Successful
automated workflows offer tangible benefits to fundamental science and industrial scale-up by significantly increasing
productivity and reproducibility all while enabling entirely new types of experiments. However, it’s implemtation
is often time-consuming and cost-prohibitive and necessitates establishing multidisciplinary teams that bring together
domain-specific knowledge with specific skillsets in computer science and engineering. This perspective article provides
a comprehensive overview of how the research group has adopted “hybrid automation” over the last 8 years by using
simple automatic electrical testers (autotesters) as a tool to increase productivity and enhance reproducibility in organic
thin film transistor (OTFT) research. From wearable and stretchable electronics to next-generation sensors and displays,
OTFTs have the potential to be a key technology that will enable new applications from health to aerospace. The combination
of materials chemistry, device manufacturing, thin film characterization and electrical engineering makes OTFT
research challenging due to the large parameter space created by both diverse material roles and device architectures.
Consequently, this research stands to benefit enormously from automation. By leveraging the multidisciplinary team
and taking a user-centered design approach in the design and continued improvement of the autotesters, the group
has meaningfully increased productivity, explored research avenues impossible with traditional workflows, and developed
as scientists and engineers capable of effectively designing and leveraging automation to build the future of their
fields to encourage this approach, the files for replicating the infrastructure are included, and questions and potential
collaborations are welcomed.
收起
原文获取