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A new stereoscopic image quality assessment database rendered using the 2D-image-plus-depth source, called MCL-3D, is described and the performance benchmarking of several known 2D and 3D image quality metrics using the MCL-3D dat...
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A new stereoscopic image quality assessment database rendered using the 2D-image-plus-depth source, called MCL-3D, is described and the performance benchmarking of several known 2D and 3D image quality metrics using the MCL-3D database is presented in this work. Nine image-plus-depth sources are first selected, and a depth image-based rendering (DIBR) technique is used to render stereoscopic image pairs. Distortions applied to either the texture image or the depth image before stereoscopic image rendering include: Gaussian blur, additive white noise, down-sampling blur, JPEG and JPEG-2000 (JP2K) compression and transmission error. Furthermore, the distortion caused by imperfect rendering is also examined. The MCL-3D database contains 693 stereoscopic image pairs, where one third of them are of resolution 1024*768 and two thirds are of resolution 1920*1080. The pair-wise comparison was adopted in the subjective test for user friendliness, and the Mean Opinion Score (MOS) were computed accordingly. Finally, we evaluate the performance of several 2D and 3D image quality metrics applied to MCL-3D. All texture images, depth images, rendered image pairs in MCL-3D and their MOS values obtained in the subjective test are available to the public (http://mcl.usc.edu/mc1-3d-database/) for future research and development.
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Measurement of visual quality is of fundamental importance for numerous image and video processing applications, where the goal of quality assessment (QA) algorithms is to automatically assess the quality of images or videos in ag...
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Measurement of visual quality is of fundamental importance for numerous image and video processing applications, where the goal of quality assessment (QA) algorithms is to automatically assess the quality of images or videos in agreement with human quality judgments. Over the years, many researchers have taken different approaches to the problem and have contributed significant research in this area and claim to have made progress in their respective domains. It is important to evaluate the performance of these algorithms in a comparative setting and analyze the strengths and weaknesses of these methods. In this paper, we present results of an extensive subjective quality assessment study in which a total of 779 distorted images were evaluated by about two dozen human subjects. The “ground truth” image quality data obtained from about 25 000 individual human quality judgments is used to evaluate the performance of several prominent full-reference image quality assessment algorithms. To the best of our knowledge, apart from video quality studies conducted by the Video Quality Experts Group, the study presented in this paper is the largest subjective image quality study in the literature in terms of number of images, distortion types, and number of human judgments per image. Moreover, we have made the data from the study freely available to the research community . This would allow other researchers to easily report comparative results in the future.
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While recently a few image fusion quality measures have been proposed, analytical studies of these measures have been lacking. Here, we focus on one popular mutual information-based quality measure and weighted averaging image fus...
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While recently a few image fusion quality measures have been proposed, analytical studies of these measures have been lacking. Here, we focus on one popular mutual information-based quality measure and weighted averaging image fusion. Based on an image formation model, we obtain a closed-form expression for the quality measure and mathematically analyze its properties under different types of image distortion. Tests with real images are also presented which agree with the conclusions of the analytical results. The results show the quality measure studied does not generally properly characterize increases in the distortion (noise and blurring) of the images which are input into a weighted averaging fusion algorithm.
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Constant levels of perceptual quality of streaming video is what ideall users expect. In most cases, however, they receive time-varying levels of quality of video. In this paper, the author proposes a new control method of percept...
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Constant levels of perceptual quality of streaming video is what ideall users expect. In most cases, however, they receive time-varying levels of quality of video. In this paper, the author proposes a new control method of perceptual quality in variable bit rate video encoding for streaming video. The image quality calculation based on the perception of human visual systems is presented . Quantization properties of DCT coefficients are analyzed to control effectively. Quantization scale factors are ascertained based on the visual mask effect. A Proportional Integral Difference (PID) controller is used to control the image quality. Experimental results show that this method improves the perceptual quality uniformity of encoded video.
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This paper describes a newly-created image database termed as the NITS-IQA database for image quality assessment (IQA). In spite of recently developed IQA databases, which contain a collection of a huge number of images and type o...
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This paper describes a newly-created image database termed as the NITS-IQA database for image quality assessment (IQA). In spite of recently developed IQA databases, which contain a collection of a huge number of images and type of distortions, there is still a lack of new distortion and use of real natural images taken by the camera. The NITS-IQA database contains total 414 images, including 405 distorted images (nine types of distortion with five levels in each of the distortion type) and nine original images. In this paper, a detailed step by step description of the database development along with the procedure of the subjective test experiment is explained. The subjective test experiment is carried out in order to obtain the individual opinion score of the quality of the images presented before them. The mean opinion score (MOS) is obtained from the individual opinion score. In this paper, the Pearson, Spearman and Kendall rank correlation between a state-of-the-art IQA technique and the MOS are analyzed and presented.
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The visual quality evaluation is one of the fundamental challenging problems in image processing. It plays a central role in the shaping, implementation, optimization, and testing of many methods. The existing image quality assess...
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The visual quality evaluation is one of the fundamental challenging problems in image processing. It plays a central role in the shaping, implementation, optimization, and testing of many methods. The existing image quality assessment methods centered mainly on images altered by common distortions while paying little attention to the distortion introduced by color quantization. This happens despite there is a wide range of applications requiring color quantization as a preprocessing step since many color-based tasks are more efficiently accomplished on an image with a reduced number of colors. To fill this gap, at least partially, we carry out a quantitative performance evaluation of nine currently widely-used full-reference image quality assessment measures. The evaluation runs on two publicly available and subjectively rated image quality databases for color quantization degradation by considering their appropriate combinations and subparts. The evaluation results indicate what are the quality measures that have closer performances in terms of their correlation to the subjective human rating and prove that the selected image database significantly impacts the evaluation of the quality measures, although a similar trend on each database is maintained. The detected strong trend similarity, both on individual databases and databases obtained by a proper combination, provides the ability to validate the database combination process and consider the quantitative performance evaluation on each database as an indicator for performance on the other databases. The experimental results are useful to address the choice of appropriate quality measures for color quantization and to improve their future employment.
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Evaluation of noise content or distortions present in an image is same as assessing the quality of an image. Measurement of such quality index is challenging in the absence of reference image. In this paper, a survey of existing a...
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Evaluation of noise content or distortions present in an image is same as assessing the quality of an image. Measurement of such quality index is challenging in the absence of reference image. In this paper, a survey of existing algorithms for no-reference image quality assessment is presented. This survey includes type of noise and distortions covered, techniques and parameters used by these algorithms, databases on which the algorithms are validated and benchmarking of their performance with each other and also with human visual system. (C) 2015 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
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The quality of ultrasound (US) images for the obstetric examination is crucial for accurate biometric measurement. However, manual quality control is a labor intensive process and often impractical in a clinical setting. To improv...
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The quality of ultrasound (US) images for the obstetric examination is crucial for accurate biometric measurement. However, manual quality control is a labor intensive process and often impractical in a clinical setting. To improve the efficiency of examination and alleviate the measurement error caused by improper US scanning operation and slice selection, a computerized fetal US image quality assessment (FUIQA) scheme is proposed to assist the implementation of US image quality control in the clinical obstetric examination. The proposed FUIQA is realized with two deep convolutional neural network models, which are denoted as L-CNN and C-CNN, respectively. The L-CNN aims to find the region of interest (ROI) of the fetal abdominal region in the US image. Based on the ROI found by the L-CNN, the C-CNN evaluates the image quality by assessing the goodness of depiction for the key structures of stomach bubble and umbilical vein. To further boost the performance of the L-CNN, we augment the input sources of the neural network with the local phase features along with the original US data. It will be shown that the heterogeneous input sources will help to improve the performance of the L-CNN. The performance of the proposed FUIQA is compared with the subjective image quality evaluation results from three medical doctors. With comprehensive experiments, it will be illustrated that the computerized assessment with our FUIQA scheme can be comparable to the subjective ratings from medical doctors.
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In this paper, we propose a new method of analysing the stability of modern deep image- and video-quality metrics to different adversarial attacks. The stability analysis of quality metrics is becoming important because nowadays t...
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In this paper, we propose a new method of analysing the stability of modern deep image- and video-quality metrics to different adversarial attacks. The stability analysis of quality metrics is becoming important because nowadays the majority of metrics employ neural networks. Unlike traditional quality metrics based on nature scene statistics or other hand-crafter features, learning-based methods are more vulnerable to adversarial attacks. The usage of such unstable metrics in benchmarks may lead to being exploited by the developers of image and video processing algorithms to achieve higher positions in leaderboards. The majority of known adversarial attacks on images designed for computer vision tasks are not fast enough to be used within realtime video processing algorithms. We propose four fast attacks on metrics suitable for real-life scenarios. The proposed methods are based on creating perturbations that increase metrics scores and can be applied frame-by-frame to attack videos. We analyse the stability of seven widely used no-reference image- and video-quality metrics to proposed attacks. The results showed that only three metrics are stable against our real-life attacks. This research yields insights to further aid in designing stable neural-network-based no-reference quality metrics. Proposed attacks can serve as an additional verification of metrics' reliability.
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Image content is a fundamental attribute of images and plays an important role in human perception of image information. However, the influence of image content type, which is derived based on the classification of the image conte...
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Image content is a fundamental attribute of images and plays an important role in human perception of image information. However, the influence of image content type, which is derived based on the classification of the image content, has been largely ignored in the image quality assessment (IQA). In this paper, a new IQA database based on the classification of image content is built. In particular, the database contains four content types, including landscape, human face, handcrafted scene and the hybrid scene. In total, 80 reference images with 20 images for each type of content are involved, and 1600 distorted images with mean opinion scores (MOSs) are generated by using five types and four levels of distortion. Furthermore, to classify these images, especially for the hybrid case, a Support Vector Machine (SVM) based multi-label (ML) classification is presented. Extensive experiments based on existing no reference IQA (NR-IQA) models show that content classification can greatly facilitate the image quality evaluation. The database and code are made publicly available at: https://github.com/jingchao17/Content-oriented-Database.
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