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The design spectrum has been determined for ten of the 15 graphs with six vertices and ten edges. In this paper, we solve the design spectrum problem for the remaining five graphs with three possible exceptions.
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Using commercially available SiC MOSFET dice, bidirectional MOSFETs were assembled and their electrical performance was tested. With proper gate biasing, the pair is capable of blocking at or near the rated value of the component ...
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Using commercially available SiC MOSFET dice, bidirectional MOSFETs were assembled and their electrical performance was tested. With proper gate biasing, the pair is capable of blocking at or near the rated value of the component MOSFETs in each direction. The pair conducts in both directions with an on-state resistance comparable to the sum of the constituent device resistances. With optimization of the component devices, this configuration promises to improve bidirectional switch performance beyond that of the simple assembled pair.
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Bidirectional promoters are the transcription regulatory regions of genes positioned head-to-head on opposite strands. Specific sequence signals, chromatin modifications and three-dimensional structures of the transcription site f...
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Bidirectional promoters are the transcription regulatory regions of genes positioned head-to-head on opposite strands. Specific sequence signals, chromatin modifications and three-dimensional structures of the transcription site facilitate the unconventional yet tightly regulated transcription proceeding in both directions from these promoters. Mutations or aberrant epigenetic changes can lead to abnormal enhanced or reduced expression from either of the bidirectionally transcribed genes resulting in tumorigenesis. Moreover, bidirectionally transcribed genes might also contribute towards the immune regulation in tumor microenvironment. In this review, we aimed to expound the characteristic features of bidirectional promoters alongside their transcriptional regulations, and ultimately, the association of these enigmatic genomic elements in different cancers.
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Рассматривается проблема компьютерного моделирования оптической системы со светорассеивающими элементами. Корректное моде...
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Рассматривается проблема компьютерного моделирования оптической системы со светорассеивающими элементами. Корректное моделирование устройств с такими элементами требует выполнения длительных световых расчетов с использованием стохастических трассировщиков лучей. Представлен подход к эффективному моделированию подобных установок на примере запатентованного устройства, предназначенного для измерения двунаправленной функции рассеяния, которая используется для описания светорассеивающих свойств. Предложена реалистичная компьютерная модель устройства, позволяющая произвести расчет допусков на отклонения в позиционировании наиболее критически важных блоков устройства и произведена оценка точности измерений с учетом допусков. Результаты моделирования измерений двунаправленных функций представлены в форме графиков и синтезированных изображений.
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Bouchet conjectured that every bidirected graph which admits a nowhere-zero bidirected flow will admit a nowhere-zero bidirected 6-flow [A. Bouchet, Nowhere-zero integer flows on a bidirected graph, J. Combin. Theory Ser. B 34 (19...
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Bouchet conjectured that every bidirected graph which admits a nowhere-zero bidirected flow will admit a nowhere-zero bidirected 6-flow [A. Bouchet, Nowhere-zero integer flows on a bidirected graph, J. Combin. Theory Ser. B 34 (1983) 279–292]. He proved that this conjecture is true with 6 replaced by 216. Zyka proved in his Ph.D dissertation that it is true with 6 replaced by 30. Khelladi proved it is true with 6 replaced with 18 for 4-connected graphs [A. Khelladi, Nowhere-zero integer chains and flows in bidirected graphs, J. Combin. Theory Ser. B 43 (1987) 95–115]. In this paper, we prove that Bouchet's conjecture is true for 6-edge connected bidirected graphs.
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Here we report an approach to generate a knock-in mouse model using an 'ends-out' gene replacement vector to substitute the murine Parp-1 (mParp-1) coding sequence (32 kb) with its human orthologous sequence (46 kb). Unexpectedly,...
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Here we report an approach to generate a knock-in mouse model using an 'ends-out' gene replacement vector to substitute the murine Parp-1 (mParp-1) coding sequence (32 kb) with its human orthologous sequence (46 kb). Unexpectedly, examination of mutant ES cell clones and mice revealed that site-specific homologous recombination was mimicked in three independently generated ES cell clones by bidirectional extension of the vector homology arms using the endogenous mParp-1-flanking sequences as templates. This was followed by adjacent integration of the targeting vector, thus leaving the endogenous mParp-1 locus functional. A related phenomenon termed 'ectopic gene targeting' has so far only been described for 'ends-in' integration-type vectors in non-ES cell gene targeting. We provide reliable techniques to detect such ectopic gene targeting which represents an unexpected caveat in mouse genetic engineering that should be considered in the design and validation strategy of future gene knock-in approaches.
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Background:Same-visit bidirectional endoscopy (esophagogastroduodenoscopy and colonoscopy) is widely performed under sedation. At present, the optimal sedation regimen remains unclear. This study aims to test the hypothesis that a...
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Background:Same-visit bidirectional endoscopy (esophagogastroduodenoscopy and colonoscopy) is widely performed under sedation. At present, the optimal sedation regimen remains unclear. This study aims to test the hypothesis that a low-dose esketamine added to propofol sedation reduces hemodynamic and respiratory adverse events in these procedures.Methods:In this multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 660 adult patients scheduled for same-visit bidirectional endoscopy under sedation from 3 teaching hospitals in China will be recruited. Patients will be randomly allocated, in a 1:1 ratio, to an esketamine group or a normal saline group (n = 330 in each group), stratified by study center. All patients will receive intravenous propofol 0.5 mg/kg and sufentanil 0.1 μg/mL for induction of sedation, followed by intravenous esketamine 0.15 mg/kg or the same volume of normal saline. Propofol will be titrated to the target sedation levels during the procedures. The primary endpoint is a composite of desaturation (peripheral oxygen saturation 30% of baseline). Secondary endpoints include desaturation, hypotension, total dose of propofol, pain scores and fatigue scores on the 0-10 numerical rating scale, dizziness or headache, hallucination or nightmare, nausea or vomiting, endoscopist satisfaction, and patient satisfaction. All analyses will be intention-to-treat.Discussion:We expect that a low-dose esketamine adjunct to propofol-based sedation will improve cardiorespiratory stability in patients undergoing same-visit bidirectional endoscopy, providing reference for clinical sedation practice during these procedures.Trial Registration:Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Identifier: ChiCTR-ChiCTR2200055938).
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Same-day bidirectional endoscopy has been reported to reduce recovery time, and procedure-related cost. The safety of bidirectional endoscopy vs colonoscopy only, while using midazolam and pethidine, has never been evaluated. We r...
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Same-day bidirectional endoscopy has been reported to reduce recovery time, and procedure-related cost. The safety of bidirectional endoscopy vs colonoscopy only, while using midazolam and pethidine, has never been evaluated. We reviewed 1,202 consecutive patients who underwent bidirectional endoscopy or colonoscopy only with administration of midazolam and pethidine in Toyoshima Ensdoscopy Clinic. We compared the clinical characteristics and adverse events associated with method of endoscopy (colonoscopy only vs bidirectional endoscopy). Furthermore, multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to study the role of age, sex, use of sedative, polypectomy, and bidirectional endoscopy in adverse events. In the bidirectional endoscopy group, the doses of pethidine and midazolam, and the incidence rates of hypoxia and posto-endoscopic nausea were significantly higher. On multivariate analysis, age (odds ratio?=?1.061, p <0.001), use of pethidine (odds ratio?=?4.311, p =?0.003), and bidirectional endoscopy (odds ratio?=?3.658, p <0.001) were independently associated with hypoxia. On multivariate analysis, female sex (odds ratio?=?10.25, p =?0.027) and bidirectional endoscopy (odds ratio?=?6.051, p =?0.022) were independently associated with post-endoscopic nausea. In conclusion, bidirectional endoscopy could increase hypoxia in elderly patients using pethidine and post-endoscopic nausea in female patients.
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Inelastic seismic behaviour of structures is needed to be predicted as accurately as possible. As during the seismic design, structures are allowed to undergo a stipulated amount of inelastic deformation in the dual design phi-los...
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Inelastic seismic behaviour of structures is needed to be predicted as accurately as possible. As during the seismic design, structures are allowed to undergo a stipulated amount of inelastic deformation in the dual design phi-losophy and its further extension of performance-based design. To obtain reasonably accurate behaviour in post-elastic ranges has manifold issues to be addressed together. The simultaneous effect of bidirectional ground motion is one of the major factors that need to be considered, and many studies also did the same. However, hardly any of them did consider the interaction between the deformations along two principal orthogonal di-rections on the yield criteria, post-elastic range excursion and the criteria of unloading. The present study makes an attempt to address these issues. Further, a few more studies mentioned that the angle of incidence of such orthogonal components of ground motion might influence the response of the structure. Hence, along with incorporating the effect of bidirectional interaction in the post elastic range, the issue of incidence angle is also studied extensively to reach a conclusive end. The detailed results presented in the study not only help to develop the physical insight but also maybe help in fine-tuning the design provisions.
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